Research On Transportation Equity In Guangzhou

With the expanding of sphere of urban activities, the upgrading of transportationinfrastructure and the capacity of traffic system, people are increasing their demand ofmotorization trip. Though the motorization trip increased the travel efficiency, and at the sametime, it intensifies the inequity of resident trip. With the developing of private transport,especially the rapid growth of private cars, the inequity of transport services among differentclasses of travel groups are deepening and expanding. The expanding trip distance makes thepeople who rely on bus, bike or walking cannot finish the long distance trip and shopping; theincreasing trip cost makes the low income group need to pay more economic burden; and thechanging trip surrounding makes the activity of disadvantaged groups are restricted. Theseproblems of these trip inequities are actually existed in the urban developing process.Therefore, urban transport development should balance the needs of all groups of society,whether rich or poor, young or old, car owners or bus passengers, riders and walkers, the canequal sharing the limited transport space. In the shared transportation space, the public trafficbenefit should be guaranteed priority. The priority is not only satisfied to the public interests;but also provided special transport service to the elderly, children, disable, and othervulnerable groups.Through reviewing the researches of urban trip equity, referencing to the theories andmethods of urban transportation study; the paper starts from various elements of trip costs ofurban traffic, explores the effects of trip equity on every aspect, and makes some appropriateimprovements. The specific methods are using the questionnaire investigation and interviewto get the first-hand information about residents trip in Guangzhou; and analyzing theproportion of different costs in trip total cost, which including user cost, trip time cost,facilities cost and external cost, in both public traffic and car traffic by using statistics dataand mathematics model. The result is the trip cost in car traffic is pay more than in public traffic. It is one kind of the inequity in allotting the social resources. On the other hand, thepaper analyzing the space accessibility of comparing to public transport and car transport byusing the spatial accessibility model that fixed with the trip costs value. At last, it considersthe inequity on the equilibrium distribution of the transport infrastructure because there ismuch lower accessibility in urban peripherals than in centers.