Studies On Development Of Industrial Parks In China From The Perspective Of Factor Agglomeration

The current world economic structure is adjusting deeply. The growth mode fordeveloped countries which is relying on consumer debt and the virtual economy topromote economic can not be sustained. The wave of “re-industrialization” isre-emerging. The process of industrialization of developing countries, especiallyemerging market countries, has accelerated markedly, as the main force to boost worldeconomic growth. China’s industrial development is also facing new path ofindustrialization, the establishment of the modern industrial system. Industrial park asan important carrier of industrial development, play an increasingly important role topromote the industrialization process, and to promote regional economic prosperity.Therefore, the study of the theoretical mechanisms of industrial parks’ factoragglomeration, the measurement and evaluation methods as well as a typical case hasgreat significance to transform economic development way.The connotation of factor agglomeration of the industrial park is that the intensiveuse of production factor, the concentrated layout of location factor, the clusterdevelopment of industry factor. From the spacial economic theory, the formation ofindustrial park is the requirements of factor agglomeration. We use agglomerationeconomic theory to reveal the microscopic development mechanism of industrial park.Three aspects of the theory and methods measuring and analyzing the industrial parks’factor agglomeration are proposed. First, the measure of the degree of factorcentralization, that is measures of non-balanced layout of factors in region and industry,using industry concentration coefficient, the Hirschman-Herfinadalh index, entropyindex, spatial Gini coefficient, Ellision-Glaeser index. Second, the measure of factorintensive use, a measure of the affect on production efficiency by factor instive use, is reflecting through two aspects, the enterprise and industrial park, two levels, the factordensity and the factor price. Third, the analysis and evaluation of the factoragglomeration is raised, that is, the comparison of the level of agglomerationdevelopment among the industrial parks. In qualitative analysis, analytical frameworkincluding the five aspects, that is economy, innovation, landuse, ecology as well asservices to the industrial park (referred to as5A framework) is put forward. Inquantitative analysis, we establish an evaluation index system based on the5Aframework.Based on summarizing the experience in factor agglomeration of the typicalindustrial parks in both foreign and domestic, we focus on Qingdao industrial parks.First of all, analyze the status of the industrial park, characteristics and existingproblems. Second, the factor agglomeration degree measure results show thatindustrial output entropy index is3.31; per unit land output entropy index is3.49. Theyare both less than no-agglomeration entropy index of4.03. This means Qingdao’sindustrial parks existing factor agglomeration. Again, the measure results of factorinstive use show that factor agglomeration index was1.16, indicating that the factoragglomeration in industrial parks promote16%of industrial production efficiency.Then, we establish the evaluation index system; evaluate these industrial parks usingAHP and DEA method. The results show that the collective agglomeration level islower than that of the demonstration industrial parks of new industrialization. In the5A framework, eco-agglomeration is best, while service agglomeration is worst.67.86%of the industrial parks are the overall input-output efficiency, but theprevalence of low land utilization issues. Then, according to the above analysis,proposal of optimize the layout of the factor in Qingdao industrial parks is proposed.Finally, combinating the theoretical and empirical analysis, we pose measures topromote the agglomeration level through the government level and industrial parklevel.