Research On The Development Of Specialized Service Of Rice Production Under The Small-scale Farming Condition

Specialization is considered as one of the most important characteristics of agricultural modernization. Specialized service of agricultural production is developed in order to adjust to the transfer of rural labor forces and realize the sustainable development of agriculture. With the demand of farmers and the support from governments at all levels, the specialized service of rice production in our country has developed fast. While good results are obtained, problems still exist. In-depth study on the combination of the theory and practice level is in an urgent need.Based on the field study on specialized service of rice production of Rudong Country, Haian Country, Sheyang Country, Changshu City, Chuzhou District, Hanjiang District, Dagang District in Jiangsu Province, the representatives in developing specialized service of rice production, such as specialized service of rice seedling in Rudong County, rice transplanting with machine in Chuzhou District, crop protection in Hanjiang District, were selected. Through using empirical analysis, the development status, existing problems and enlightenment of specialized service of rice seedling, rice transplanting with machine and crop protection were researched, suggestions for further development were put forward.The results showed that the specialized service of rice production was the result of vertical labor division and horizontal scale development of rice cultivation and an important manifestation of modernization of rice production; with the continuous improvement of rice production technology and ongoing shift of rural labor forces, rice farmers would continue to strengthen the demand for rice production service; the operation mode of service of "professional cooperatives plus village groups" was in line with the need of large-scale development of rice production under the small-scale farming condition and served as an important carrier for the development of specialized service of rice production; the lack of effective labors and suboptimal service quality was an important factor in restricting the further development of specialized service of rice production; government support was believed to be an essential condition.Based on the results above, a series of suggestions to promoting the development of specialized service of rice production under the small-scale farming condition are proposed as follows:the supporting policy should be continually maintained and gradually completed, professional cooperatives as the main service supply should be given special assistance; the internal and external development environment of specialized service should be optimized, the integrated construction of the rice production service should be promoted; supervision mechanism should be actively explored to maintain the service quality; the supply of labor forces should be increased by incentive scheme policies, the training efforts should be strengthened to enhance quality of service providers.