Effects Of Different Fertilization Manners On The Soil Quality Of Ningxia’s Middle Dry Area

The Ningxia central arid area was lack of surface water and underground water, the soil was poor, the fertility was low, and the soil quality degraded year by year. In order to improve the ecological environment and the soil fertility there, we took the soil in2-year location test in Sunjiatan Hongsipu as the research object, to study the effect of three different fertilizer managements(the chemical fertilizer alone, chemical fertilizer with sheep manure, chemical fertilizer with fulvic acid potassium) on the soil quality and alfalfa by using a field experiment combined with BIOLOG technology. The results showed:1、 The application of Fertilizer can increase the content of the soil nutrient, especially the treatment of organic and inorganic fertilizer, significantly increased the soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and available nitrogen; decreased the soil bulk density, increased the content of soil clay, improved the soil physical structure; chemical fertilizer with fulvic acid potassium increased the content of soil nutrient, and decreased pH.2、The application of fertilizer significantly increased the yield and the nutrient of alfalfa. The chemical fertilizer with sheep manure, fulvic acid potassium significantly improved content of alfalfa’s nutrient; and treatment of chemical fertilizer alone significantly increased the yield of alfalfa.3、Treatment of chemical fertilizer with sheep manure can increase the content of microbial nitrogen(3times higher than control), the number of microorganisms, the activity of the soil urease and phosphatase, the respiration intensity, and the soil microbial functional diversity. The AWCD in treatment of chemical fertilizer with fulvic acid potassium is higher, increased faster, and the microorganisms had a stronger ability in using the carbon source in96h; it also had a significantly difference when compared with CK and the chemical fertilizer alone, moreover, it increased the activity of the catalase and the ability in using the aromatic compounds. Treatment of chemical fertilizer alone inhibited the carbon source utilization capacity and decreased the number of the soil microorganisms.