Research And Design Of The Mechanical Performance Testing Device For Planter Openers

The opener is one of the key components of the planter, and its performance affected the working quality of the planter. On the no-till condition, due to the uneven field surface and a large number of the straw residues, it’s required the opener with more advanced working performance. At present, there are some shortcomings on the existing performance testing device, such as less measuring parameter, lower precision, unstable working depth, to the questions, a testing device for the opener has been developed. The simulation experiment was carried out with the application of virtual instrument which was not used in the field. To the questions, a testing device for planter opener has been developed in the study, in which, the technology of mechanism electronics and hydraulic are adopted.The main research and the results are as follows:(1) The force measuring and working depth of the opener were discussed in the study. Six-component method is used to measuring opener force. Closed loop feedback working depth control mechanism for real-time control is designed.(2) In hydraulic system, a load mathematical model of openers was established. The load of hydraulic cylinder can meet the demand of hydraulic system. The hydraulic system was designed, and analysis three situations when the hydraulic cylinder piston rod moves forward.(3) A data collection and PLC control system was designed for the testing device. A load mathematical model of opener was established to get the pressure sensor range. A closed equation of trenching depth was established to get working depth equation about two displacement sensor, so determined the system algorithm, and the working depth was measured in real-time.(4) The device response time, working depth stability and six-component calibration were tested. The response time was0.12S. The stability test in the speed of5km/h and working depths of3cm,5cm and7cm, and the stabilities of working depth were90.66%,91.33%and91.82%respectively; The measurement precision and the maximum relative error were test, the traction resistance was1.49%FS and3.7%, the vertical counterforce was2.1%FS and5.1%, and the lateral force of modified was0.98%FS and1.9%.(5) A test about opener performance was conducted, which in different working depth, different walking speed and different opener type. While the soil water content was9.49%-12.9%, and the soil density was79kPa-80.48kPa.