| The TV documentary is one kind of the documentaries that with a bigger producing scale. It shows the comprehensive strength of a TV station and represents the highest level of a national documentary creation as well. Chinese TV documentary has been closely linked with the development of the nation and the national TV station from the start. After more than half century of exploration and research, it has entered the golden time of last ten years with both fame and fortune. During this time, the research that regarding the TV documentary as an independent film category has gained rich achievements either in theory or practice. In the meantime, the evolution of the TV documentary, which explores different stages, is not an independent individual phenomenon. There are some special rules to the set up and change of principles. The influences of a TV documentary creation are consisted of the social background, economic development level and cultural atmosphere, etc. Hence, as to a country, the TV documentary is the vitally significant cultural affair and it undertakes the relevant unavoidable social responsibility.Using the above topic as the core issue, this dissertation attempts to launch the discussion from both directions. First of all, it will tease out the development process of Chinese TV documentary from a historical perspective. Since the first Chinese TV documentary appeared in1958, every period has one or more of clear characteristic documentaries produced and broadcasted by the national TV station. The creation concept of every documentary represents the best understanding of Chinese documentary creation at that time. When we make a clear division of Chinese TV documentary development stages, those documentaries become representative points. Therefore, we could divide the history of Chinese TV documentary into four stages with the help of the points. The beginning stage is from1958to1978, when the TV documentary was used to spread political ideas. Because of the country situation, this twenty-year was the most rising-and-falling time in the history. It had development but still lagged. The second stage is from1979to1990when Chinese TV documentary makers began to.have a sense of awareness. Along with the opening-up of China, those makers could learn from and draw upon the ideas of Western documentaries, and the creation model started to be professional. The period between 1991and2004was the mature time for Chinese TV documentary witnessing a development of historical significance. Under the influence of’Real Film’, the creation became the real-time recording with reality. It turned into the body of recording actual events for common people. And since2005, facing dynamic and changing medium environment and media industry market, the issue for the TV documentary makers of how to survive as an independent cultural form has been with pondering. They choose to take off the TV documentary with the combination of ideas and skills.In the last part, this dissertation will choose a TV documentary called’A Bite of China’, which is produced at the development point, to mix the points from both directions. On the one hand, the creation of ABOC follows the development vein of Chinese TV documentary. It begins from the summary of the past experience and study of the advanced western learning design. On the other hand, the multi development of the current society makes ABOC have distinctive performance. Based on the guide of the creation ideas about diverse values and ideology, it applies the narrative methods including modularization, fragmentization and several location cues to deliver the delicate and simple TV language. Finally, the creation feature of ABOC makes the remarkable performance of broadcasting effect, and policy, society, culture and economy.The breakthrough of ABOC creation could be the reference of the future development of Chinese TV documentary. The function expand could let the documentary research focus on the dynamic change of TV recording. As time goes on and increasing recognition, not only the creation ideas and methods have been improved, but also the multi-effect on the basic function over the specific historic environment. By the further analyze of the creation and value of A Bite of China, the dissertation will come to a new understanding of TV documentary function study.Secondly, this dissertation will discuss the functions of the TV documentary from the perspective of mass medium. As a type of the mass medium, the TV documentary is equipped with four fundamental functions. The first one is that the documentary was used to be a political propaganda tool by the western countries because of the advantages of broadcasting and influence since it appeared. For the Chinese TV documentary, it was affected by the’imagination political comment’, and even strengthened the existence of the political ideology directly. Until the emergence of the mass culture and market economy, the creation of TV documentary started to hide the ideology with the help of montage and scene control. The second function is about the real recording nature of the documentary which is benefit for monitoring the environment. The reflection of the social responsibility is from the focus of recording real life and real problems. The third one is the outstanding contribution of inheriting the social culture heritages, as a result of the documentary could keep the seeing and hearing information for a longtime. Then, it formed an independent type, which is the anthropology documentary, and a special expression technique called staging. The last function is two included economic functions that are providing economic information and participating in the market operation as a product. Chinese TV documentary is still in the process of research of industrialization. |
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