| The western region's ecological migration is a large project in our country, it involves environment, resource, economy, society and so on. The removal of immigrants is related to the regional economic, social and ecological sustainable development problems. Ecological migration is the most effective way to solve the ecological environment and eliminate poverty. Southern Shaanxi is located in the south of Shaanxi province, it includes three cities, and the name is ankang, shangluo and hanzhong in turn from east to west. It includes twenty-eight counties (area) of about9.2million people, its population accounts for a quarter of the total population in shaanxi province. Southern Shaanxi has the high incidence of geology and mountain torrent disaster in Shaanxi Province, the frequent geological disasters of the area is accounted for more than50%of the total area of the southern shaanxi, so that the large number of people who living in the mountain area are unsafe. Shaanxi provincial party committee and provincial government decided to remove these people in2011, it will move the people who live in the mountains and geological disaster area people into the superior area. It is the necessary choice to protect the natural environment, and also the best way to eliminate regional poverty.The paper takes the ecological emigration in southern shaanxi as the research object, the perspective of cost is the starting point, it studies on the process of the entire migration costs. First it elaborates the theory basis of ecological migration, the theory basis is the theory of migration, transaction cost theory and human capital theory. Secondly it analyzes the origin and current situation of the ecological emigration in southern shaanxi, Southern Shaanxi ecological migration is very necessary, the reason is the natural geographical features, economic and social situation and natural disasters in southern shaanxi. Further it studies on the background, characteristics and current situation of ecological migration, and points out the significance of the removal. Thirdly it analyzes the monetary costs of the government and immigrant, the government's monetary costs includes relocation costs and cost of public facilities and administrative cost, the immigrant cost includes settlement cost, living cost, employment cost and opportunity cost. Fourthly it analyzes the non-monetary cost of the government and immigrant, the government's non-monetary cost includes credibility, social stability, and environmental costs, the immigrant non-monetary cost includes psychological cost, social networks and risk cost. Finally it analyzes the relocation of earnings of the government and immigration. The government's revenue includes ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits, and the immigrant revenue includes short-term gains and long-term benefits. Through the analysis of the relocation costs and earnings, it has the fund, the follow-up education and training industry development and immigration problem, so it puts forward relevant countermeasures to solve the problem.In this paper, the main research conclusion is concentrated in the relocation costs of the government and immigrant, it is also the building cost. Non-monetary cost is a kind of hidden costs, it has a long-term impact on immigrant relocation project, Government and immigrant in the immigrant engineering have to deal with implicit non-monetary cost. Through the analysis of the relocation costs, The main difficulties of the government focus on lack of funds and capital utilization effectively, the major difficulties of the immigrant focus on insufficient and subsequent livelihood problems. Through the research on the cost in the process of migration, it studies on the effects of key factors in migration, it hopes to take the reference for the relocation costs of inputs in the next few years, the cost of investment has the priorities, it also hopes to take the reference for the regional ecological migrants. |
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