A Study Of Land Reform In Xiangyuan County (1942-1949)

As a study case of land reform in Xiangyuan county in1942to1949, this paper has expounded the background, process andcharacteristics of land reform, and researched all aspects of landreform with some typical villages as examples comprehensively.Based on the research of land reform in Xiangyuan, it has restored theprocess of land reform, and analyzed the reasons of poverty withpeasants, the positive and negative influences of land reform and thecauses of these effects, and its profound social influences.This article is divided into four parts to analysis the background,process, significance of land reform and problems produced in theprocessing, comprehensively. Before1942, it existed many tenancyand debt cases in Xiangyuan. From March1942to June1949, underthe leadership of the communist party of China, finally it has achievedthe goal of “land to the tiller” with hard efforts of7years, and thelandlord class no longer existed. In this paper, the first partintroduces the social background before the land reform, includingagricultural conditions, complex social situation, tenancy and debtrelationship; The second part introduces the four stages of landreform： the movement of reduction of rent and interest rates duringthe period of Anti-Japanese War, the land-innovating movement in theearly libration war, the land reform movement in the period of "May 4th instructions" and the review movement of the land reform, andanalyzes their backgrounds, processes, achievements and influencesin every stages; The third part introduces the problems one by oneappeared in the process of land reform, such as murder, class division,landlords, rich peasants, the thoughts and unity of peasants, middlepeasants, cadres, Party consolidation, taking care the new libratedpeasants, workers and recruitment problems; The fourth part givesthe evaluation to the land reform in Xiangyuan county andsummarizes its characteristics, achievement, and remainingquestions.