The Study Of The Rear Elderly In Rural Areas Of Northern Anhui

Since the reform and opening up, as China’s industrialization and urbanization accelerated, a large number of rural surplus labors transferred to the town. Because of the pressure of making a living and the constraint of urban and rural economic and social structures, it was difficult for migrant workers to live together with parents and children in cities. Northern Anhui Province is an important exporter of labor in Anhui and all over China. A large number of elders were left in rural areas. Children work outside all year round, and a few people can be at home to do their maintenance obligations, so that the left-behind elderly in rural areas of northern Anhui face many pension issues and a range of social problems. Sustained attention and properly solution to the problem can not only relate to the elderly welfare in Northern regions, but also accelerate the process of socialist harmonious society and the realization of China’s dream.In this paper, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is used to analyze the problem of left-behind elderly in rural areas of northern Anhui. The paper has used a questionnaire to research, and the field survey was conducted in Linquan county where large number of farmers were out to work to deeply understand the status of the left-behind elderly in rural areas of northern Anhui and the problems faced by the left-behind elderly. And systematic analysis of the reasons for staying, survival status and practical problems were made. The paper has analyzed the influence of the increasing number of left-behind elderly and put forward some measures to solve the problem.According to the results of researching, the problems of left-behind elderly mainly contain the following aspects. Firstly, in the aspect of economic supporting, income source of the left-behind elderly in rural areas in Northern Anhui is single, and their income is instability, and they are lack of stable economic security. Secondly, in the aspect of daily caring, due to the absence of the role of children, the left-behind elderly in rural areas in Northern generally are in inadequate care situation, especially the ill left-behind elderly. Thirdly, in the spiritual solace, the elderly usually relaxed by chatting and watching television, so their spiritual life is tedious. Fourthly, in the agricultural labor, because the children have become migrant workers, the left-behind elderly are lack of labor assistance and faced with labor pressure. Fifthly, in the inter-generational education, inter-generational households in rural areas in Northern Anhui are universal, and inter-generational education adds burden to the left-behind elderly, which makes the elderly weary. Finally, in the aspect of security issues, the elderly personal and property security have large risk.The presence of a large number of elderly left behind in rural northern Anhui has promoted the flow of rural labor, and contributed to accelerate the modernization process, to some extent compensated labor shortage of agricultural labor t due to migrant labor. However, the growing elderly population to stay in rural areas also had some adverse effects on Northern rural society, such as increasing rural population aging, increasing demand for rural social old-age security and the slow process of urbanization.Based on the problems of rural left-behind elderly in Northern Anhui and the actual socio-economic development of rural areas in Northern, the article has proposed some specific measures. Firstly, develop the county economy, and guiding rural surplus labors to transfer in nearby areas. Secondly, accelerate the reforming of the household registration system to ensure that the elderly left-behind in rural northern Anhui can fully enjoy the results of new urbanization. Thirdly, implement the China’s land transfer policies to mitigate agricultural labor burden of the left-behind elderly in Northern. Fourthly, increase pension infrastructure investment to improve the level of old-age security in rural northern Anhui. Finally, strengthen humane care to enrich the spiritual life of the elderly.