Study On The Equalization Of Compulsory Education

Education brings hope to thousands of families and Education is the basic way to promote our country to prosperity. Only if the young is strong, our country can be powerful enough. Compulsory education is the key of the education work. Compulsory education is the starting point of life and it is the basic public services of guaranteeing the right of social members to survival and development. In recent years, through the tireless efforts of the Party and the state, compulsory education is basically universal. The core of compulsory education is transforming from letting each child learn to make each child learn better. That each child can enjoy relatively equal education resources and receive a good education becomes the new demands of people. However, because of kinds of reasons, compulsory education still exists different degrees of difference in region, urban and rural, interschool and group at present. As an important content of the equalization of basic public services, the equalization of compulsory education is not only reflecting social fairness, but also promoting social justice. Narrowing the gap in compulsory education, promoting the equalization of compulsory education can make kids not lose on the starting line. It is contribute to reduce the influence of parents’ level of education on the next generation, to improve the equalization of income distribution in the future and to promote social justice.In order to narrow the gap of the compulsory education, many domestic scholars based on different disciplines background, used different methods to study on compulsory education and have achieved comparatively abundant research results. Based on the study of predecessors, this paper adopts the method of normative analysis and positive analysis, points out the theoretical basis of fiscal intervention on the equalization of compulsory education, constructs index system to measure the equalization level of compulsory education, uses the empirical analysis to analyze the current equalization level of compulsory education in our country. Adopting the method of empirical analysis and comparative analysis, it also summarizes the international experience, and it points out what is suitable financial input mode and transfer payment mode of the compulsory education for our country, combined with the basic national conditions in our country. Specifically, this article includes six chapters. The research content is as follows:Chapter one is an introduction. This part mainly introduces the background and significance of selected topic, on the basis of analyzing the existing research results at home and abroad, determines this paper’s contents, research methods and possible innovation points and deficiencies.Chapter two is the basic theory of equal compulsory education. This part firstly defined the related concept of equal compulsory education, including compulsory education, equal compulsory education and compulsory education balancing development. Secondly, from the aspect of public goods theory, externality theory and theory of fiscal decentralization, this paper expounds the theoretical basis of public finance providing compulsory education. Finally, from the theory of fairness and fiscal transfer payment system, it discusses why and how public finance promotes the equalization of compulsory education.Chapter three is the indicators and methods of measuring the equalization level of compulsory education. This part firstly gives a standard framework of the index system and points out the relation and difference between measuring the equalization level of compulsory education and the performance evaluation of compulsory education expenditure. Then according to the basic principles of index system construction, it makes a design of index system, including education opportunities, education resources and the teaching effect. Finally it introduces the two methods of measure of equalization levels, including discrete degree analysis and tal index method.Chapter four is the current situation of the equalization level of compulsory education in our country. This part mainly uses the discrete degree analysis, from the perspective of regional, urban and rural differences, makes an analysis of the current equalization level of our country’s compulsory education in education opportunity, fiscal funds investment, faculty level and school operating conditions.Chapter five is about the international experience for reference of the equalization of compulsory education. This part introduces the experience of promoting the equalization level of compulsory education in the United States, Japan and France in detail. Among them, it focuses on analyzing the fiscal system reform and development. Finally, I summarize international experience in four aspects.Chapter six is the policy choices of promoting the equalization of compulsory education in our country. This chapter bases on the present equalization level of compulsory education in our country, at the same time, combined with the international experience, from the aspect of education budget allocation structure, compulsory education fiscal system, teachers’ management system and standardization of school construction, it points out the existing problems and the corresponding measures should be taken at the present stage in China.