Formation Mechanism And Practicailogic Of The Civil Organization

After reform and opening-up, the tolerant social policy environment and the favorable market economy environment have laid a solid foundation for the rapid development of rural civil organizations. In these circumstances, women’s snare drum band and house church group emerged. Subsequently, activate participation of the activities organized by the civil organizations makes the organizations being an important part of people’s lives. In the past, the discussion about civil organizations always focused on their roles or functions upon the external environment, and the most used theories were functional theory, market failure theory and government failure theory. However, those studies ignored the alterable relationship between actor and structure from the inner point of the civil organizations. Our study choose two typical individual cases of women’s snare drum band and house church. At the same time, we have collected abundant empirical materials about the individual cases via fieldwork. Based on the Giddens’s theory of duality of social structure and Bourdieu’s theory of field-habitus we attempt to elucidate the formation and working mechanism of civil organizations from the perspective of the interaction between action and structure. Firstly, the duality of social structure theory suggests that the action and the structure are closely connected, and formation of civil organizations is the result of interaction between structure and action. Rural network, one type of social relationships, provides resources and conditions for the civil organizations. Meanwhile, as the actors of civil organizations, village elites facilitate its formation. In other words, the synergetic mechanism of the social structure and individual action is the ultimate reason for the formation of civil organizations. Secondly, field-habitus theory considers that the field and habitus are dual-existent. The field is an objective network of relationships and habitus is the disposition of actors. Moreover, the competition for the capital in the field is a non-ignorable factor. As a matter of fact, the practical logic of the civil organizations should resort to three basic concepts:the capital, the habitus and the field because1) capital functions in the field;2) the actor relies on the habitus;3) the field is the result of interaction between the capital and the habitus. At last, our study compares the individual cases between women’s snare drum band and house church. As the two types of civil organizations with different nature, they share the common points as well as the different points on the formation mechanism and practical logic. We focus on analyzing the differences on the capital operation and organizational habitus, and found that the house church has the capital of inspiration and the habitus of Christianity which are not possessed by the women’s snare drum band.