Rational Choice And "low Birth Rate.

Entering the twenty-first century, the development of China’s population hasalready being on a new stage. On the one hand, the excessive population growth hasalready under control; the other hand, there are appearing two new challenges. Firstly,accelerated declining birth rate; secondly, accelerated aging. However in recently years,the research of aging became more and more, on the opposite, declining birth rate lessand less. In order to solve and prevent this problem, we should have a rationalunderstanding of the phenomenon of declining birth rate. The idea that the family is thetraditional unit of society is challenged by contemporary youth increasingly turningdown marriage. The paper wants to analyze the deeper reasons of declining birth rate,in order to reduce the impact of it.The purpose of this paper is to study Coleman’s rational choice theory. On thisbasis, the author seeks to analysis the deep reasons of declining birth rate in China bythe qualitative research method. The paper goes in three ways as to discuss the deepreasons of declining birth rate, they are survival need, economic rationality and socialrationality respectively. The paper is analysis the present situation of declining birthrate in China, in order to have a comprehensive understanding of it. The paper dividesfour parts discussing the declining birth rate: the first, reviewing the process ofdeclining birth rate formation and analyzing the background of the problem creation.The rest part, analyzing non-policy reasons of declining birth rate from survival need,economic rationality and social rationality three aspects. This paper affirms China’sone-child family planning policy, but the author hopes that our country attachesimportance to the non-policy reasons of declining birth rate. It is high time that we putconsiderable emphasis on the population problem.