| Agriculture is the basic industry which human beings rely on. Agriculture environment problem is not only related to the health and sustainability of agricultural ecological environment, which is the basis of the agricultural productivity, but also have a lot to do with grain and food safety problem. In the face of continued population growth, increasing demand for total food, and more and more serious food safety problem, we must ensure the health and sustainability of agriculture ecosystem, and attach great importance to the agriculture environment problem research. The South of Shanxi Province is located in the Loess Plateau, and lies to the lower reaches of Fenhe River. As one of the traditional grain production areas,it has mild climate and deep soil, and is called the "granary" of Shanxi Province.Zijian Village is a common village located in South of Shanxi Province. Since the agrarian revolution, great changes have taken place in agricultural management methods of the village, from the self-sufficient small-scale peasant economy, to the people’s commune period when various agricultural movements occurs repeatedly, to commercial agriculture dominated by technological revolution and the market of agricultural products, the changes have produced a series of environmental problems. This article attempts to explain how the local agricultural management methods changed, from the traditional natural small-scale peasant economy, to the modernized agriculture which relies on modern agricultural technologies, such as pesticides, chemical fertilizers, machinery, irrigation, artificial pollination and bagging technology, and how the changes influence the natural environment. According to the study, changes of agricultural management methods have effected the environment from the following aspects:agricultural non-point source pollution; the dependence of non-renewable resources such as petroleum, groundwater; natural degradation and imbalance, including biological homogenization, the degradation of the natural immune system, and collapse of pollination system, etc.The contents of the artical is as follows:According to the time sequence, this paper is basically composed of three parts:traditional agricultural period (1947-1955); agricultural cooperatives period(1955-1980),and the period of the household contract responsibility system(1980-2012). I will describe the agricultural management methods of each stage and its environmental effects. Finally I’ll try to have a summary about the environmental effects of the agricultural management methods changes. Chapter1:raising question and explains the research purpose and methods; Chapter2:introducing the self-sufficient traditional small-scale peasant economy and the movements type agriculture in the Agricultural cooperatives period, and its environmental effects. Chapter3:the interaction between technology revolution, marketization and the natural environment.And reveal its environmental consequences. Chaper4:summarizing the whole shift direction of agricultural ecosystem through the three stages, and its environmental influences. Chapter5is peroration to discuss the environmental problems facing the modern agriculture and the possibility of improvements. |
