The Causes And Anti-Poverty Strategies Of The National Key Poverty Counties’ Rural Poverty In Inner Mongolia

As social development and natural conditions, the problem of poverty in China is still very serious. China’s poverty is mainly the rural poverty, and the poverty-stricken population is concentrated in the western region further. With the rapid but uneven economic development of Inner Mongolia located in the west region of China, the gap between the rich and the poor is increasing, the problem of rural poverty is obvious and urgent to alleviate. In this paper, the five types national key poverty counties of pastoral area, half pastoral area, mountain old liberated area, border area and conventional area as the subjects, respectively analyses poverty status, the causes of poverty, and anti-poverty strategies of the each type counties,, in order to provide some valuable suggestions for the formulation of poverty alleviation policies in Inner Mongolia.From the economic development, infrastructure construction, the construction of professional facilities and specialized cooperative organizations, as well as culture, education, health and social security four aspects, introduces the rural status of pastoral areas, half pastoral areas, mountain areas, border and conventional type national key poverty counties, and has a comparative analysis between them, results show that:the rural poverty in all the types of key national poverty counties is quite serious, different type counties have different construction levels. Constructs rural poverty factors index system to analyses of five types of become the focus of rural poverty, results show that:various counties have common factors, also have different factors of poverty. According to the anti-poverty theory, poverty factors and the characteristics of poverty alleviation modes, combined with their own actual situation, propose the anti-poverty strategies for each type of the national key poverty counties: the pastoral counties lead the animal husbandry as dominant industry, implementing industrialization poverty alleviation; the half pastoral counties have a construction and investment on the planting and animal husbandry industry simultaneously, promoting each other, realizing common development; the mountain area counties vigorously invest on agricultural and livestock products processing industry as a growth pole; the border counties resettle the farmers in remote areas, reducing the first industry population, providing human resources for the secondary or tertiary industry, adjusting the industrial structure;the conventional counties implement hamlet advancement on poor villages, focusing on road construction and agricultural irrigation infrastructure construction, improving the farmers’ income.Based on the above analysis, in the process of Inner Mongolia poverty alleviation, the government institutions should implement differentiated poverty alleviation strategies; transfer rural population and surplus labor force orderly;take the lead in developing township enterprises; guide the first industrial development; and increase the rural fiscal expenditure.