The Land Abandonment Phenomenon In The Context Of "Rural Hollowing"and Governance Explore

With the rapid economic development and accelerated urbanization in our country, a large number of farmers have been pouring into the city. The wealthy families migrate to city and purchase houses, and the less wealthy families, instead of returning to their hometown, build their new houses in somewhere where have convenient transportation. The continual development of these phenomena have cause the "rural hollowing" phenomenon in China’s rural areas. This is not only a reflection of the rural population and villages, but also a urgent issue which must pay more attention to for China’s rural development currently. In the context of "rural hollowing", the land resources, which was an important livelihood security for farmers before, is facing the sharp conflicts between land protection and economic development. As the most important parts of land resources, arable land resources and homestead are abandonment everywhere at present. Varieties of reasons cause this phenomenon and it happens all over the world. Not only this phenomenon happened in the major grain producing areas give rise to the issue of food security, but also attracted government attention.Based on the background of "rural hollowing", This paper interprets this phenomena detailed and gives a in-depth analysis on the reasons for the current rural land abandonment, and illustrates the present situation of rural hollowing and the reasons which cause it, then this paper analysis the consequences caused by this phenomena. As we know, family is the basic unit in rural, so this paper takes survey on family in X village. According to the analysis of the survey data, this paper interprets the present situation of the land uncultivated in rural and provide some of the theoretical and practical foundation. This paper do the research from the following aspects:(1) This paper explains the "land abandonment" and "rural hollowing", and then interprets the achievement and theoretical at home and abroad. (2) This paper describes the characteristics and present status of the "rural hollowing" and the relationship between the "rural hollowing" and land abandonment.(3)I select the X village as our research object and interview every family in order to understanding the actual situation of land abandonment in rural. I distribute220questionnaires and200questionnaires were returned. Analysis of the basic properties of the sample, it shows that the rate of farmland abandonment close to38%in X village, the rate of land abandonment close to40%after plus homestead, the abandonment ratio will be higher if we plus other land that can not be specific statistical, such as potholes, ponds, etc. The reason that caused this phenomena concludes that massive labor resource outflow which caused labor shortage, and it is unrealistic to improve the living standards rely on the farmland for farmers, and the land policy is imperfect, and farmers don’t benefit from favorable policies of agricultural, the serious impact of natural disasters is the main reason.Through field research and analysis, this paper proposes related solutions based on the survey results:first, we should increase the agriculture protection through the agriculture policy and raise the farmers’ awareness of the importance of land resource; second, increasing the financial investment so as to reduce the risk of grain; third, rational planning the village construction and strengthen the management of the homestead, fourth, strengthen the rural land transfer system.