Research On The Impact Of Transfer Fare Discount On Travel Mode Choice Of Urban Residents

Urban traffic congestion and environmental problems are increasingly serious with the rapid development of society and the growth of motor vehicles in China. In order to solve this problem, the public transportation system with high capacity and low energy consumption are promoted in Beijing. Economic measures play an important role in the development of public transportation system, optimizing the urban travel structure, and keeping the urban sustainable development. In the context of public transport fare increase in Beijing, this thesis focuses on establishing a nested logit model to analyze the relationship between transfer fare discount and mode choice behavior of urban residents based on questionnaire survey. Relevant policies to improve the travel structure of urban residents are put forward in order to develop better urban public transport and alleviate the urban traffic congestion.First, literatures on transfer fare discount and travel mode choice are reviewed. Research methods about transfer fare discount are summarized. After that, the multinomial Logit model and nested Logit model which are disaggregate models are derived. The model calibration process, the advantages and disadvantages of two models are summarized. The nested Logit model to analyze the relationship between transfer fare discount and mode choice behavior of urban residents is chosen.Secondly, the concept of transfer fare discount about cars/subway is proposed based on the literature review. Influencing factors on mode choice of urban residents are analyzed from six perspectives including attributes of traveler, travel, policy, urban enviromental characteristics, psychological characteristics, and traffic facilities properties.Thirdly, RP and SP survey questionnaires are designed and the collected data are converted and checked. The data is further analyzed with statistic methods from four perspectives. A nested logit model about mode choice of urban residentshas been established.Finally, the influence of transit transfer fare discount, the parking fee of park and ride, and transfer fare discount between cars and subway on mode choice of urban resident has been analyzed. The conclusions from this thesis are as follows:1) From the overall perspective, the measures about the transfer fare discount between bus/subway and bus/subway as well as between car and subway have a positive effect on transfering from car to bus/subway for urban residents. In contrast to the favorable effects of the transfer fare discount of various travel mode choices, the measure of transfer fare discount between bus and subway is better than the one between bus and bus as well as the one between car and subway (which attract the minimum car travelers) in terms of attracting car travelers. The measure of transfer fare discount between bus and subway attracts more travelers than the one between bus and bus when their transfer fare discount keeps the same level and travelers attracted are mainly those with transferring behavior rather than those without transferring behavior. In addition, more travelers choosing the mode of park and ride shift to bus and subway with the increase of parking fee on parking and ride. More travelers choosing the mode of bus and subway change to the mode of park and ride owing to the transfer fare discount for parking fee on parking and ride. If various transfer fare discounts are implemented at the same time, the effect on modal shift is better than the one when only one transfer fare discount is implemented. However, the modal shift to bus and bus decreases.