| A new hospital site selection is an important breakthrough to achieve rational allocation of medical resources, related to the vital interests of the people. Geographic information system relying on its powerful functions of data management, spatial analysis and visualization etc, makes the spatial geographic analysis model become simple and practical, provides a convenient tool for hospital location. In this study, Wangcheng Distirct, Changsha as the study area, the author analyzed the current situation of hospital layout using tyson polygons. At the same time, based on the GIS platform for data collection and spatial analysis, the paper built a hierarchical structure model, produced a pair-wise comparative matrix, and calculated the criterion weight relative to the target layer through the method of AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). On this basis, the study ranked the alternatives and chose the most suitable area for hospital location decision by scoring method. This study integrated application of GIS and the method of AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), realized the combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis and made the location process more visibility, the location result more scientific and accurate. The main research results were as follows:(1) The Analysis of the present situation of hospital layout in Wangcheng District. To analyze the service scope of the existing hospital by using tyson polygons, overall evaluation about the present situation layout of the city hospitals was as follows. The overall distribution of the city hospitals remained unbalanced, most of the medical resources located in the old urban districts, like Gaotangling street, Yujiapo street. From the center to the surrounding villages and towns, the hospital number gradually reduced and the hospital service scope gradually increased. Gao tangling street, Yujiapo street’s economy has developed rapidly, at the same time they has large population and many hospitals, the hospital service area is small, totally, the area has better accessibility and health service conditions. Relatively, remote rural areas such as Bairuopu town, Qiaokou town, has less hospital, poorer accessibility of medical care and the hospital service scope is large.(2) Geographic information system spatial analysis for hospital site selection. Integrated application of GIS spatial analysis methods such as buffer analysis, straight distance, overlay analysis and reclassification from two angles of vector analysis and raster analysis to proceed hospital location research. By comparing the vector analysis result with raster analysis result, we can find that the results roughly consistent although it remains little in-conformity. Finally, we selected six common alternative address from the most appropriate location area.(3) Analytic Hierarchy Process for hospital location. In this paper, on the basis of reference and experience, the author summarized the factors that affects the hospital site location into three broad categories, locational factors, social economic factors and natural factors. At the same time, the paper sorted the influencing factors on site selection of the hospital according to the target layer, criterion layer and secondary criterion layer and built a hospital site selection comprehensive evaluation index system based on AHP. Locational factors’weights is the highest, up to 0.6370, followed by social economic factors, finally the natural factors. It indicated that the location factors had the greatest influence on hospital selection, then the social and economic factors, the last is the natural factors. Impact factor weights ranked in the top four were the population, the existing hospital distribution, policy and traffic. Combining expert scoring with AHP to evaluate for site selection and sort alternatives address through the final grading. The result showed that the moon island, Gaotang community, Jinyun village, these three places are the most suitable places for hospital location. |
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