| "Old news-old things of the Republic (1912-1928)", the language of it attributed tobefore and after the period of the May Fourth Movement, Studying the vocabulary of theperiod do have a very important role for pushing the source of the modern Chinese.The main contents of this article are vocabulary word-building features, word shapecharacteristics and meaning of development and changes characteristics of "Old news—oldthings of the Republic". Hereinafter referred to as "old news". The more valuable findings andconclusions of this article are:Firstly, in word-formation, affixation tendency is obvious, such as "fei""fan" etc, theyhad a prefix tendency,"shi""jia" etc, they had a suffix tendency; the lexicalization of phrases,mainly embodied as three categories, that is a noun form as an adjective attached to centerof the word, a verb form as an adjective fixed in center of the word, and a adjective attachedto center of the word. Words abbreviated format diversification, including eight categories, ofwhich the first seven categories are commonly used in modern Chinese, the eighth category,parallel phrase abbreviated, had a significant feature in early modern Chinese.Secondly, word form is characterized by a large number of homographs,morpheme-inversed words and different element synonyms. For homographs, according tothe difference of nature for composition to it, we divided it into two categories: the samemorpheme homographs and different morpheme homographs. Among them, the samemorpheme homographs, according to words of difference for composition to homographs,they can be divided into two types: loan characters homographs and variant formshomographs. The different morpheme homographs, according to semantic of difference forcomposition to homographs, they can be divided into three categories: similar morphemehomographs, relevant morpheme homographs and distinct morpheme homographs. As forinverse morphemes words, we illustrate them by giving an example, mainly on the basis ofclassification to meaning, parts of speech and structure for them. We also give aninvestigation on the modern Chinese mandarin in use. About different morpheme synonyms, we mainly list, and give a brief explanation to the forming reason.Thirdly, the development characteristics of word meaning changes, mainly embodies inthe words of a meaning and the meaning of a word. Among them, the development andchanges for the meaning of a word, we mainly discuss and analyze two types: the increasingof semantic item and the reducing of semantic item. The development and changes for thewords of a meaning, we mainly discuss and analyze three types: abundance and furtherance ofmeaning, narrowing of meaning and transference of meaning.The main innovation of this paper is: This is a first synchronic lexicons research papersfor" old news". First of all, we got a full and accurate synchronic Chinese vocabularyclassification form by combing the material for " old news", which is in the transition periodof modern Chinese and present Chinese. We got it by separating words, classificationstatistics to the vocabulary system of " old news". Secondly, based on the lexical system wenot only focus on synchronic and static description, but also pay more attention to thediachronic description, achieve the organic combination of the two. Finally, we give plenty ofexamples for homographs, morpheme-inversed words as well as the change of meaning word,so as to provide a good example illustration for the modern Chinese history studies. |
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