A Contrastive Study On "Conglai"(从来)、"Xianglai"(向来)、"Yixiang"(一向)、"Yizhi"(一直) And The Strategies In Teaching Chinese As A Second Language

Based on the studies of predecessoirs, this paper applies three plane theories andTCFL theories to make a studies about "conglai"(从来)、"xianglai"(向来)、"yixiang"(一向)、"yizhi"(一直) by comparative analysis and description.First of all, through analysing specific and ful corpus, we sums up these fourwords share two basic semantic features——"a certain period of time" and"aprogressive continuation". However, there are some differences between them aboutthe basic semantic features. This paper compares them from four aspects inferring thelength of time、the tense of time、the static&dynamic state of continuation and thelast of continuation.Secondly, this paper analyses four words’ syntactic function, involving fourwords’ syntactic positions, the choice to predicate, the choice to words denoting timeand the collocation with those dynamic auxiliaries:"zhe "(着)、"le"（了）、"guo （"过）.In this paper, we sum up the four kinds of grammar component that "conglai"(从来)、"xianglai"(向来)、"yixiang"(一向) need to collocate with dynamic verb, which is animprovement to the previous research; we reach a conclusion that sentences musthave compared mean when "conglai"(从来)、"xianglai"(向来)、"yixiang"(一向)co-occurrence with those words denoting period time, which is a breakthroughachievement.Thirdly, the exploration about the pragmatic bases on the analysis about thecorpus, it concludes that "yizhi"(一直) can be used in the imperative mood,"从来"can express subjective emphasis,"xianglai"(向来) and "yixiang"(一向) can expresssubjective assessment, and "yixiang"(一向) can also be used in greet context.Finally, this paper works on the error analysis between "从来"、"向来"、"一向"、"一直"and comes up with teaching strategies. Based on the error corpus of the foreignstudents, we sum up the four types errors leading by the mixed use among these fourwords and discusse the reasons which cause the errors. What‘s more, pointed at thesituation that these four words were confused easily and have lots of demands to thecollocation components, we put forward the teaching strategies.