| The conference as a unique form of organization management for human society, it has experienced a process of gradually evolution.Down to the period of National Government, the conference had became an important part the politics of National Government.In this paper, took the conference as the subject, centered on Executive Yuan Conference and Legislative Yuan Conference, and took both houses of conferences as the beginning point to research on the conference efficiency. Through the typical case of anatomy and analysis, showed a new understanding perspective of related research, thus fully revealed the conference efficiency of National Government.The process of construction of a modern political system, National Government based on Sun yat-sen’s thoughts of conferences, and set up a wide variety of conferences, both public and regular conferences, and secret, special not regular conferences.Under the premise of comprehensive reviewed National Government theory and practice of conferences, and maked efforts to illustrate the running mechanism of Executive Yuan Conference and Legislative Yuan Conference, there were the most complete, the most typical in the Kuo Min Tang conference systems; National Government organic law, Executive Yuan organic law, Legislature organic law, Executive Yuan conference rule, Legislature conference rule and other laws and regulations had to clearly defined.On this basis, systematically exposited the authority, personnel constitute and other regulations of both houses of conferences, in order to pave the way for further discussion the efficiency of both houses of conferences.Conference mechanisms provided an institutional guarantee for the conference running, however, owing to restriction by many factors, the traditional with autocratic decision-making was the essence, modernistic with democratic decision-making was the form, Executive Yuan Conference and Legislative Yuan Conference were always separated from the system. Conference mechanisms could not guarantee the efficiency of conferences operation, coupled with the Kuo Min Tang internal distractions and factional strife, which caused the conference of discussions, decisions and executions were inefficient.There were real practice and legal system of conferences didn’t match each other, the decision of conferences was not relied upon conference mechanisms, but on the other means, which resulted in the determinants with the quality and efficiency of conferences, both procedural and non-procedural factors.Procedural factors were particularly time-consuming reviewed, endorsement, the third reading and other procedures, there were impacted the efficiency of conference resolutions.Non-procedural factors mainly refered to the Kuo Min Tang authority figures excessive manipulation of conferences, collegial unable implemented, procedures became a mere formality. The conference only in accordance with the authority figures for transfer, just making resolutions by ordered, which caused the resolution must be reflected the will of authority figures, so the conference really without discussions. Even if the conference had some discussions, the discussion at the conference didn’t necessarily determine the fate of bills, the bill often depended on the will of authority figures inside and outside the venue. Although had a lot of conference resolutions, but lacked of a fully democratic discussion processes, therefore the relevant bill or too high, decision-making without executions, or dominating were difficult, executions were inefficiencies, which greatly restricted the efficiency of conferences, and the ability of the Kuo Min Tang governing was reduced. Through deeply analyzed both houses of conferences efficiency and its restriction factors, thus provided evidence to support the conclusion of the paper, constituted a causal relationship.The efficiency of conference had a significant impacted on the Kuo Min Tang’s ruling ability, from lacked of conference systems, to the Executive Yuan conference, Legislative Conference and other systems has successively enacted, the Kuo Min Tang had taken positive steps to reform conferences, showed a positive attitude. In the design of systems, the Executive Yuan conference and the Legislative Conference undertook respective responsibilities and cooperated with each other, which was helped to promote democracy and put an end to tyranny, thus to ensure the conference operated effectively.However, improved the efficiency of conferences were not easy, according to the actual operation of conferences, lacked of the basis to implement the conference regulations, which led to the provision of conferences were one thing, the actual operation of conferences were another thing.Under the domination of the principle of power, the efficiency of conferences would also vary with different individuals. In a sense, the conference of National Government has became a tool for dictatorship, the decision-making of conferences were not reality requires as the center, but the individual, especifically for individual wills, thus to pursue the efficiency of conferences easier said than done.Through layers of analyzed causes, successive demonstrations, it could come to a conclusion that National Government conferences of resolution quantities have been formally decided efficiently and the quality of conferences without discussions, discussions without decision-making and executions inefficiencies coexist, this conclusion was its unable to efficiently perform administrative and legislative functions as a result, as well as a deep reason of unable to efficiently perform administrative and legislative functions.This paper seeks to diversify research methods, in addition to comprehensive used for historical narrative, statistics, quantitative and qualitative methods to explore both houses of conferences efficiency step by step, and so on, but also used the method of comparative, and extended the type of conferences, introduced and described The Central Political Committee, which connected the Kuo Min Tang Central with National GovernmentThrough horizontal comparative research, so as to further enhance the bearing capacity of this paper, thereby further observed the conference efficiency of National Government, in order to provide some valuable historical consultation for improving the current situation of conferences. |
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