The Errors Analysis Of “Shijian” And “Shihou” And Its Teaching And Research For Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language

The near-synonymy is the important component of modern Chinese while synonymous analysis is a difficult point for the foreign students. The use and meanings of ‘shijian’ and ‘shihou’ are often confused by the foreign students, but both textbooks and dictionary are lack of annotation of them. Besides, the studies about them are very little. Duo to this reason, based on Beijing Language and Culture University HSK dynamic Composition Corpus, the types and reasons of errors about‘shijian’ and ‘shihou’ are analyzed in detail by the method of statistic analysis,description and explanation in this paper, meanwhile the relevant teaching strategies are proposed to do something for foreign Chinese teaching.The paper consists of seven parts, and the main contents are as follows:The chapter one is introduction about the whole paper. Based on the current situation of foreign student, the reason and the value of the research are explained with the summary of relevant ontology studies in foreign Chinese teaching. Besides,the corpus sources and research methods are also expounded.In the chapter two, the study on semantics, style, and grammar of ‘shijian’ and‘shihou’ is carried out based on CCL corpus of center for linguistics PKU and example sentences from modern literatures. As a result, the similar sides and the different sides of ‘shijian’ and ‘shihou’ on these three aspects are found while the different sides are the focus of the study in this chapter.In the chapter three, the statistic analysis about the frequency of usage and errors of the two words is done based on HSK dynamic Composition Corpus. Besides, error analysis of the two words is also done in the view of learner level.In the chapter four, error example sentences are collected meanwhile the main error types and the number of each case are analyzed. At last, all the example sentences are collected.In the chapter five, based on the common error types of learners, the reasons ofthe two errors are analyzed in the view of negative language transfer, generalization of target language rules, writing problem of textbooks and reference books for foreigners, and, teaching and learning in the teaching process.In the chapter six, based on the reasons from chapter five, teaching strategies are present to the error problem: in-depth study on the Chinese ontology, train their language consciousness of contrast, ensure the quality of textbooks and reference books, and use of reasonable teaching methods.The chapter seven is conclusion part. The conclusion summarizes the creation method and the main ideas with the value and innovation of this paper. At last, this part also point out the shortage due to the subjective and objective reasons.