Grammatical Comparison Between Coordinate Disyllabic Nouns And Their Monosyllabic Counterparts In Modern Chinese

The parallel same-rooted nouns, are that the monosyllabic nouns and the parallel disyllabic nouns in modern Chinese which contain the same meaning and the same morpheme. They are a special kind of words in synonyms, which have the minimum contrast meaning. At present, quite a few researchers have made detailed analysis of the monosyllabic and disyllabic nouns from the perspectives of semantics, grammatical function, collocation, pragmatics etc. Based on the previous studies, this paper mainly studies "Shū—Shūjí" "Gē—Gēqǔ" "Shī—Shīgē" by the investigation of modern Chinese corpus of Peking University. In this paper, we analyse the similarities and differences of grammatical function between the monosyllabic nouns and the parallel disyllabic nouns. And also, we discuss respectively the similarities and differences of three monosyllabic nouns, three disyllabic nouns, three monosyllabic nouns with three disyllabic nouns.About three groups of selected words, this paper attempts to provide a comprehensive elucidation through the method of comparative analysis, quantitative and qualitative analysis on a synchronic level. The paper mainly discusses the similarities and differences of the monosyllabic and disyllabic nouns from the syntactic component, attributive number, word order of attributive, last attributive whether contains "de", syllabic collocation between attributive and center word, syllabic collocation between verb and center word etc. Through surveys, we have the following conclusions. The first, from the syntactic component, there are differences between the monosyllabic and disyllabic nouns. The rates of the monosyllabic nouns which used as a verb object are higher than the disyllabic nouns. All of the disyllabic nouns tend to used as a verb object center. The second, from the attributive number, the monosyllabic nouns are close to the disyllabic nouns. They are mainly modified and restricted by an attributive or two attributive. The rates of them which modified and restricted by three attributive or four attributive are very low. The third, the conditions of the last attributive whether contains "de" are related to the types of the last attributive. Such as, phrases which used as the last attributive tend to contain "de"; quantifiers, quantity structure, nouns, verbs or adjectives which used as the last attributive tend to exclude "de" etc. The fourth, when the monosyllabic nouns used as the center word, the syllabic collocation is mainly "2+1" and "1+1". When the monosyllabic nouns used as attributive, the syllabic collocation is mainly "1+1". But the disyllabic nouns which used as the center word or attributive, the syllabic collocation is mainly "2+2". The fifth, when the monosyllabic nouns used as a verb object center, the syllabic collocation is mainly "1+1". But when the disyllabic nouns used as a verb object center, the syllabic collocation is mainly "2+2".This paper consists six parts: 1) introduction; 2) the comparison of grammatical function between "Shū" and "Shūjí"; 3) the comparison of grammatical function between "Gē" and "Gēqǔ"; 4) the comparison of grammatical function between "Shī" and "Shīgē"; 5) the whole comparison of grammatical function among the three groups of words; 6) summary.