Status From The Rural To Non-Rural: The Selection Logic Of Farmers Status Under The State Constitution

"Rural-to-Urban Household" is the key words which born in the National System, but affect the Social Behavior. It used to play a very important role in the policy expression and social culture, meanwhile it’s both the Passport of peasant from rural area to city and the certificate of the agricultural population to urban population. It’s formation、changing、even the disappearance, all exist in the State Construction and the System Changing, embodies peasant’s pursuit of Identity, as well as the desire of allocation of resources and equal rights.The "Rural-to-Urban Household" formed during the construction of social identity system, it’s the product of Urban-rural household registration management system. In the early period of People’s Republic of China, for the need of national integration and social order reconstruction, China has adopted the urban-rural household registration management system, and then, the difference of "Agricultural Household" and "Non-Agricultural Household" appeared. Meanwhile, under the planned economy, some policies like "State Monopoly over Purchase and Marketing" configure the different resources to different type of household register, making the household register to be a symbol of rural-urban identity difference, which called Household Register Identity System. Under the influence of "counter-urbanization ", the States took a series of policies to restrict the transmission of people from rural area to city, as well as the identity change from rural residence to urban residence. Identity difference is embodied from type of household register, making the "registered permanent residence" become identity symbol which caused the social disintegration——the expression and reason of identity differences. Social disintegration between rural area and city also expanded rural-urban identity differences and increased the gap between the two, and gradually formed the rural-urban dual social structure. The difference of rural-urban resources expanded from basic necessities to employment、education、social status even the prestige. The unfair rights to peasant also expanded from politics and economy to social culture, which caused the crisis of peasant identity、barriers of rural-urban household registration, and the social culture transformation, so that, these problems became peasant’s the power of the implement of "Rural-to-Urban Household" The states’ restrict control of "rural-to-urban" and the peasant’s strong desire of it became a pair of contradiction. Peasant can implement "Rural-to-Urban Household" only by the way of employment、education、marriage and military service, so they all strive for these opportunities even at a great cost and effort.The changes in national economic systems and the market regulation, weaken the control of "registered permanent residence", as well as the peasant’s consciousness of "Rural-to-Urban Household". Planned economy model is broken, coupled with reduced administrative intervention, population movement tended to be individual rational choice. But the social contradictions due to the long-term unbalance of resource arrangement influenced Social-economic development and stability in many aspects. Therefore, "rural-urban integration" must be the direction of "rural-urban" social development and governance in the future, which leads to the social progress by the way of identity to contract...