The Conflicts And Compromises: The Research On The Village Governance Of The Poverty Area From The Perspective Of Public Products

As a living community, village needs effective governance so as to provide villagers with“public products and services” as the necessities of life. The proper village governance mode is theprecondition of the village’s effective supply of public service, and conversely, the effective supply ofpublic goods is the guarantee of village’s “good governance”. The original natural conditions and socialdevelopment afterwards in poor areas lead to relative lack of governance resources, in addition, most ofvillages due to the obvious “absence” of public goods from government at grass-roots level plunge into avicious cycle of insufficient motivate in governance and decreasing supply ability of public products. Thus,it is important to promote the village governance in the poor areas for further development of ruraleconomy and improvement of farmers’ living standard and to accelerate the integration of urban and ruralareas as a whole development.This paper studies on current situation of village governance in poor areas from the perspective ofpublic product. By the analysis of the “conflict” and “compromise” between subjects in the process ofpublic goods supply in Y village, the revelation of the general characteristics of village governance pattern,the governance subjects’ behavior logic and the related factors influencing the governance as well as furtherdescription of the current situation of the village governance, then based on the empirical analysis of thepoverty-stricken areas’ real characteristics, the writer points out that to build a farmer cooperativeorganization of new type for the structure reconstruction of village governance makes a differencetheoretically and practically in improving the inefficiency of village governance and the level of villagepublic products supply.This study firstly gives an overview on Y village itself and its current situations of publicproducts, power structure and democratic practice. Secondly, using the analysis strategy of “process–events” to include the farmers,“two committees”, villagers groups and farmer cooperative organizations inthe process of public products supply in Y village according to different events, the writer vividly revealsthe general characteristics of the village governance of this poor region, including weakening organizationfunction at village-level, villagers’ lack of sense of participation as the subject, top-down decision-making mechanism and public products supply’s excessive reliance on government; what’s more, the writerdiscusses behavior logics respectively in the process of village governance and finds villagers “to fightcovertly but not overtly” and “get close to the distant but not the neighbor”,“two committees” to “delayand shelve”, villager groups to “make the interior highly-integrated and make no compromise with theexterior”, farmer cooperative organization to “pursuit the maximization of self-interest”. Then, based onthe reality of rural poor areas and the governance theory, the writer puts forward six factors influencing thepoor region’s village governance, including resource, population, social progress, economic development,market opening and the government fiscal policy. Finally, according to the current situation of villagegovernance in poverty areas and polycentric governance theory, the writer points out that with theintervention of external social capital and market power, to establish new farmer cooperative organizationsof more political integration capabilities is good for achieving the “links” between scattering individualsand the “cluster” of each subject in the village governance, so as to reconstruct the village governancestructure and realize polycentric government mode.