The Research Of Mongolia-china Relations After The Cold War

Mongolia,doesn’t have coastline, is located in the middle of the Eurasian continent. Mongolia borders with Russia to the north and with China to the south in land. In the history, there were some peacetime and wartime period between China and Mongolia. Also two of country had complementary economic relations. In the world, there is permanent interests rather than eternal friends between two counties, which is also confirmed by the relationship between Mongolia and China.In this thesis, the author analyzed the historical development between Mongolia and China based on the four aspects of economic, political, military and cultural.Then analyze the reason influencing these four aspects of the development, which include positive and negative factors. The author also presents the future outlook of the two countries.There is aan eternal and long history in relationship between Mongolia and China. Since1989, with the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, the Mongolian government has strengthened ties between the two countries, and visited economically and politically each other for many times, which indicates the relationship come to the normal orbit. Mongolia gradually changed their foreign policy from the "one-sided" policy to " multi-pivot" policy. And start to exchanges in economic, political, military, cultural and other fields started between the two countries. Economic exchanges started between the two countries began in1951, when Mongolia and China signed a trade agreement, and later through some twists and turns in the development of Mongolia, the two of countries eventually overcame obstacles and promoted bilateral economic and trade exchanges, and China has became the largest trading partnership in Mongolia. The economic structures of the two countries caused to be a complementary relationship. After Mongolia reforms and open up China, the economy and technology had considerably developed. And industrial products have been exported to all over the world. Even though China has increase of economic development and population, China is facing pressure on crude oil and other energy sources. The Mongolian is backward comparing with China’s economic development, and many industrial products should be imported from China. But Mongolia has adequate mineral resources, which is provided as industrial raw materials to China. At the same time, China may also provide to support in financial and technical aspects to Mongolia. Mongolia has rich mineral resources, which can be certain to make up for the shortage of China’s energy resources. Therefore bilateral cooperation in economic and trade will eventually overcome these situation. Mongolia is the first country to recognize politically the new China. Diplomatic relations between the two countries entered a stable period of development. With the beginning of the Cold War, diplomatic relations between the two countries have reached an impasse. After the Cold War, Mongolia changed their diplomatic policy, and good relations of friendship is redeveloped. Now Mongolia and China have established strategical cooperation partnership based on the Five Principles of peaceful coexistence. Political exchanges between the two countries must promote the exchange and development of military aspects Mongolia and China border in the land, which makes both sides have important military significance geographically. As a big country in the world, China makes contributions to the maintenance of world peace and development. China has participated in UN peacekeeping operations for many times, and China has a wealth of experience in this area, so the two counties can communicate in this aspect. Senior military in both countries continue to visit with each other,and the two countries have also conducted joint military exercises, which are to strengthen military exchanges between the two countries. The highest-level exchange between two countries is the exchange of cultural aspects. Mongolia and China have a long history, so strengthening cultural exchanges between the two countries has become particularly important. Mongolia and China have signed a series of cultural treaties and established cultural centers mutually, and many students come to China to study, which will further promote bilateral cultural exchanges.There are many factors affecting relation between Mongolia and China, which can be divided into negative and positive factors. In the positive factors, the two countries are neighbors, there are up to4676.3km of border line on land. Mongolia and China’s special geographic position makes both countries special geopolitical advantage in the exchanges. Regional and global integration trend also makes international relations between Mongolia and China. Senior leaders of the two countries continue to make contact, which are the good for the foundation of the development of diplomatic relations. Although the development of friendly relations between Mongolia and China are in the mainstream, there are always some negative factors hindering the development of the two countries continue to move forward. After the Cold War, Mongolia change foreign policy from "one-side" policy to " multi-point" policy, while actively develop relations with third countries, which affects the relationship between the two countries to a certain extent. On the other hand, there is a political issue left over from history--China’s Taiwan and Tibet issues. Taiwan seeks to independ, but Taiwan’s influence in the world has gradually weakened, and to change this situation. Taiwan began to develop relations with Mongolia. Freedom of religion is the principle of religious policy in many countries. China Tibet Dalai Lama fled to India, and China has been regarded him as " Tibetan separatist elements." For principle of religious freedom, Mongolia has let the Dalai Lama to enter the territory of Mongolia missionary many times, which is seen as a political act by the Chinese government. China’s rise caused panic worldwide include Mongolia. Some Mongolians are wariness and hostile to Chinese, which affect the relations between the two countries in the right direction seriously. Peace and development are the themes of today’s world. So, Mongolia and China will not go against, the future relations of the two countries must be in the right direction. Economic integration makes the world increasingly linked, Mongolia and China also established increasingly close ties in the exchange. In the future, the two countries will further strengthen exchanges in the political, economic, military, cultural and other aspects.To promote exchange and development, the two countries have signed a number of documents as a guide, the two countries will develop more bilateral policies to promote development in the future.