Research On Equalization Of Public Services During Urbanization

Urbanization is a process that many countries have experienced. With the rapid urbanization process in China, accelerating economic development in recent years, bringing the number of rapid urban population growth, but also increasingly complex population structure, however these changes are undoubtedly our current production and supply of basic public services challenges. Eighteen proposed safeguard people’s livelihood, accelerate government reform, the establishment of service -oriented government. Demand and supply issues of basic public services, in fact, how the government social management innovation, to achieve social fairness and justice.The first part is about the urbanization concept and its historical development, but also introduces the equalization of basic public services in basic reason perish. This section points out the urban and rural equalization of basic public services in the sense that it is not only to achieve social fairness and justice, and will stimulate economic growth, conducive to achieving and improving people’s livelihood.The second part is about the rapid development of urbanization has brought basic public services for the city of the great challenges of demand and supply, this part of the paper pointed out that China’s urbanization in the foreign population surge, making China the demand of basic public services in cities the increasing complexity of the subject, and our current government on the supply of basic public services, there are many defects, unable to meet the demand for public services.The third part is the difficulties for equalization of basic public services in China’s urbanization process. Respectively, from the three aspects of "supply ", "financial security ", "supervision" to start elaboration. In the "supply " side, there is a scientific supply system, the government monopoly supply market lacks social participation, direct government supply single way. In the " financial security ", the existence of the revenue and expenditure structure is irrational, the financial transfer payment system is imperfect. In terms of oversight mechanisms exist equalization of basic public services lack of uniform standards, terms of basic public services, not the government, to monitor the main single, open government issues is not in place.The fourth part is abroad experiences for equalization of basic public services, mainly introduced in Canada, the U.S., Japan, three countries, urbanization in the equalization of basic public service experience and in-depth analysis on the basis of introduction of this experiences and practices of the three countries, and Implications for China’s urbanization process in the equalization of basic public service system construction.The fifth part is about how to improve the equalization of basic public services, namely, countermeasures and suggestions on the proposed regime. First, the supply of basic public services to strengthen the functions of the government, the public service as the primary functions and core functions of government, strengthen the dominant position and the leading role of the government in the supply of public services. Second, the equalization of basic public services and improve the financial security mechanisms. Clearly defined property rights and powers between the government, restructure financial expenditure. Third, the legislature has the authority to gradually establish a normative legal system of basic public services in order to provide better achieve legislative basis for urbanization in the equalization of basic public services. Fourth, the transformation of government functions, the progressive realization of the whole society to participate in the supply of basic public services in the past, to increase government investment to finance basic public services.