Study On The Prevention And Control Mechanism Of Mass Incidents Caused By Environmental Problems

In recently, the mass incident caused by environmental pollution has happened frequently.As it drawn the whole social’s high attention, the mass incident becomes a vital issue forgovernment. There are various opinions on this problem in Academia. Many scholars focus onthe solution of the environmental mass incidents, but ignore the prevention and controlmechanism. Therefore, it is realistic and inevitable to research the prevention and controlmechanism of the mass incident caused by environmental problems.The paper begins with the definition and classification of the mass incident caused byenvironmental problems. Then it contrasts the different characteristics between theenvironmental mass incident and others. Because the participants in mass incident arenumerous and diverse, it is difficult to manage mass incident after it happened. However, as itneeds a long time to ferment, it is easy to prevent the mass incident. In a word, the localgovernment should shift the focus on constructing the prevention and control mechanism. Infact, facing the mass incident, government always lack the risk awareness and governanceability, paying more attention to the remedial mechanism. Meanwhile, under the stressfulpolitical system, local governments always give priority to forming an interested alliance withenterprises, and do not respond to the reasonable demand of the public. So governments’accountability keeps falling down. All these factors caused the dilemma of preventing massincidents.In the third chapter, it analyses the the reason why mass incidents happen. There are foursteps. Step one is contradiction generating. When local government make a decision thatwhether they attract a project, they always neglect the environmental risk of the project. If therisk go beyond the public’s acceptable level, the contradictory between the public andenterprise will happen. Step two is risk accumulating. The lack of risk evaluation mechanismcan not identify and control the environmental risk. The third step is that the block of public’sappeal channel cannot dredge the risk. In additional, the lack of the remedial mechanismmake the risk upgrade. All these factors push the environment pollution developing into massincidents. Thus, government can prevent the mass incident from happening through every stepin the process.This paper put forward a effective mechanism to prevent and control the mass incident by applying Governance Theory. In this mechanism, local government should optimizescientific and democratic decision-making mechanism, improve major projects’ riskevaluation mechanism, smooth the public’s appeals expression mechanism and constructreasonable remedial mechanism.In a conclusion, the key point of this paper is to analyse how can environmental pollutiondevelop into mass incidents. On this basis, it focus on researching the countermeasures toprevent the environment deteriorating and manage the mass incident caused by environmentalpollution.