Research On The Issue Of Urban Community Governance Under The Social Capital Theory Of Rober D. Putnam

Community is the basic unit of a city, and community harmony is the microscopic foundation for social harmony, so building a harmonious community should start from community governance. Throughout the development of China’s urban communities, with the changing of our country’s social system and social structure since the reform and opening up, community building and development has made great progress from the unit system to the street system and then to the community. But at the same time, we should also note that the power of community building and development is still mainly due to the nation compulsory, and the residents and civil society organizations, as the community governance body, the role and status is still seems weak. So it’s an important task in the current situation of community governance to straighten out the relationship between diverse body, decentralize the authority properly, improve the community legal construction, innovative the community management system, raise the level of community service, and mobilize citizen participation enthusiasm.Only in this way can we truly achieve community autonomy under the government guidance and services, and improve social management in the basic level.From the perspective of social capital, the core content of social capital:trust, norms and networks, as a regulator of social relations lubricants and adhesives, is an important foundation to protect the urban community governance, but also the key factor to build a harmonious community, improve civic participation, and foster a sense of community. However, due to the influence of traditional culture and living forms, combined with a special real conditions of the transition period, making the construction of urban communities now exists a serious lack of social capital and social capital vulnerabilities. To solve these problems, the use of Putnam’s social capital theory can completely solve the problems in community governance. Trust is an essential component of social capital points, generalized norms of reciprocity is a kind of highly productive social capital, civic engagement network is a fundamental part of social capital. Since the90s of the20th century, with the rapid development of economic construction, the social structure of Dalian Xigang has undergone tremendous changes. Influx of floating population, aging intensifies, number of laid-off workers and the low household makes the community in the basic level society construction and management to assume more responsibility and pressure. Community governance performance directly affects the stability and unity of the city and the live lives of residents, but also an important indicator of a healthy and harmonious development of the city. The community governance in Xigang has achieved outstanding success under the joint efforts of the municipal, district governments and grass-roots community organizations. But it is undeniable, along with the implementation of autonomous communities and communities to deepen reform of the management, there are still many problems and contradictions in community governance. Research on community governance of Xigang District can promote the development and improvement of community management system construction, and put forward countermeasures while found the problem. Not only has the practical value to the community governance in Xigang area, for the study of common problems existing in community governance in China is also an important reference.This paper tightly around Putnam social capital theory to analyze the urban community governance issues, throughout the current situation analysis of Dalian Xigang community governance, and combined with the typical community governance experience abroad, from the three dimensions of trust, norms and network construction, and the transformation of government functions, puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the community governance. It has an important significance to improve citizen participation and foster social capital. And using community social capital paradigm to study governance issues, not only to make up for the rational choice paradigm which ignore the role of cultural and institutional deficiencies, but also to avoid the limitations of the new institutionalism that just explore community governance from a broad perspective of government and institution building. The article structure is divided into five parts. The first part mainly introduces the research background and significance, the domestic and foreign research review, the research ideas and research methods, etc. The second part describes the concept of community and community governance, community social capital, and theories of Putnam’s social capital. The third part makes a depth analysis of the present situation of Xigang district community governance, including the community overview, status of governance, and the analysis of the causes from the social capital perspective. The fourth part introduces advanced foreign experience in community governance, including the United States’autonomous mode, Singapore’s government-led model, and Japan’s hybrid model, combining these three kinds of community governance model of operation mechanism and successful experience to adapt to the discussion of Dalian Xigang community management. The fifth part, from the perspective of Putnam’s social capital constitution-fostering community trust, enhance mutual regulation construction, building community networks coupled with a sound transformation of government functions, put forwards the countermeasure proposal to improve the level of city community governance.