The Study Of Charity And Relief Facilities In Harbin During The Early Phase Of The Republic Of China

After the founding of the republic of China, the political system and economic system change, charity business into a new stage of development. As emerging at the beginning of the republic of China, the newly opened port of Harbin city, the modern industry and commerce, education undertakings have developed quickly, the existence of foreign nationals, has brought many religious groups, and the introduction of western culture, which has given rise to new intellectuals, workers and businessmen,and the period of natural disasters, Harbin BingZai bandits constantly, refugees from other provinces, foreign nationals is numerous, can lead to the development of Harbin charity career. During the period of Harbin number of charitable organizations, relief organization structure more reasonable, rescue way, etc.Harbin relief institutions have government involvement. Constraints on disaster relief activities, the government of the republic of China was designed for the management, yicang(a public relief fund management and effective; Established the official charity, epidemic prevention, in response to the victims, and established a government, yicang(a public, reduces the disaster to temporary relief difficulty will exert positive effects on alleviating disaster; But because the government relief funds mainly comes from government funding, so the government relief is often limited. For vulnerable groups, the government developed a poverty, relief, penetration cross-species relief institutions, namely, poor children’s education, health and epidemic prevention, even in the poor factory work relief, these measures to guarantee the basic needs of the vulnerable group, and also played a vital role in social stability.Harbin people participate in charity. War in the early of the republic of China and political problems, which leads to the inadequate government relief, this has given rise to numerous private charities, religious charities and personal charity. Binjiang branch of the Red Cross humanitarian aid, and overseas Chinese children charity will, relief,nursery, orphanages, shelter to Russia and other refugees relief, private charities had also played a role; Harbin many religious groups with colonial color, but, in order tospread religion also carried out some aid activities, which promote the development of medical education, the early Chinese charity has a certain influence.Harbin charity career brought some functions and enlightenment. Harbin in the early days of charitable relief projects promoted the modernization of philanthropy, the national charity awareness, promote the social stability and progress, for the development of medical education has played a positive role. But, the evolvement of Harbin charity has certain limitations, although the government made a series of measures, policies, but due to lack of funding, lack of charity unified supervision, lead to no significant effect of charity, help is not strong, the folk, religion, personal charity in the case of a limited government relief, will play a supplementary role. This shows that in the charitable aid, the government needs to improve the work status of charity,formulate practical and reliable relief measures, policy of disaster relief, and established a supervision organization of charity relief agencies, complete management system, give full play to the civil power, low efficiency, rescue efforts can make up for the relief is not strong.