Study On Urban Community Emergency Management Based On Governance Theory

With the gradual deepening of reform and opening up, our country has stepped into the social transformation period. The social security situation is grim, and there also exists serious natural disasters, all these make China faced with a severe emergency situation. In order to adapt to the needs of emergency management under the new situation, the construction of our emergency management system must realize some changes, including moving forward of the critical pass, shifting downward of the focus and moving outward of the main part.Although urban community is the base of the city governance system, it is the forefront of emergency management. Community participating in emergency management can play a huge role in many aspects, such as improving the residents’ emergency awareness, self- aid and mutual aid capabilities, preventing and reducing crisis effectively, coordinating the multiple players’ emergency rescue work at the first time, minimizing casualties and economic losses to the utmost, and building a new "neighborhood watch and help" society. After years of top-down construction, the urban community has initially established the emergency management mode led by the government. However, there still exist so many urgent problems to be solved, community’s emergency capacity and residents’ self-aid and mutual aid capabilities are very low on the whole.Under this circumstance, this paper takes urban community emergency management as the research object, and discusses its development path. Firstly, this paper analyzes the research status of community emergency management at home and abroad. Then, this paper carries out a deep analysis on community emergency management based on the governance theory, and defines its basic concepts, main contents and participating subjects. The paper proposes the community emergency management construction model of collaborative governance, and the viewpoint to lay emphasis on prevention and control of crises. It points out the idea to achieve effective emergency management according to resource integration, functional complementation, mutual supervision and promotion among multi-subjects. Finally, this paper takes the actual emergency management of X street in Guangzhou as an example, and analyzes specially the current situation, existing problems and their corresponding causes of the government-led community emergency management. On this basis, this paper puts forward the construction route of the community emergency management, points out that the urban community emergency management should change from government leading to collaborative governance and finally forms a collaborative governance mode for emergency management, which has clear legal norms, is guided by the government, is operated in community and has social participation. With the perfection of emergency management systems for community, this paper encourages strengthening cooperative governance by community’s multi-subjects, and increasing residents’ self-aid and mutual aid capabilities.