Study On The Citizen Participation In Public Policy Development

With the rapid development of social productivity, the era of today has entered into an "information age", the growing maturity of market economy, the government in charge of public management function is faced with new challenges. One kind of new interaction between government and citizen cooperation is necessary to achieve the maximization of public interests, which requires managers must take the interests of the citizen demand into account when making policies, and introduce the citizen participation into public policy formulation and finally, the policy will reflect much public opinion. Therefore in the modern society, the government must attach importance to cultivating citizen’s participation and democratic consciousness, take feasible measures, establish an effective mechanism to ensure that citizens can participate in democratic politics construction through normal channels, exert their democratic decision-making, democratic supervision, democratic management, try to achieve democratization and scientific process of decision making. The participation of citizens has not only become an important indicator to measure the administrative management capacity, but also demonstrates the citizen participation in playing a more and more important role in people’s social life, reflecting the growing influence.Based on the theory of citizen participation, the report in the 18 th Congress of CPC, the theory of rural democratic autonomy management, the theory of citizen participation in public policy,, using literature research and empirical research method, by means of field survey and individual interview, this paper expounds the camp town wins the camp village in Hebei province in the "one project one discussion" Cai Zheng Jiang fill the involvement of policy, further probes into the development of citizen participation in the status quo, analysis of the achievements in the process of citizen participation in, the existing problems and causes, according to the empirical research on some hope of feasible countermeasures are put forward.This paper is divided into three parts except the introduction.In the introduction, I analyse the background of the topic, the development of market economy in China, provide the necessary material and spiritual foundation for citizen participation, the enthusiasm of citizen participation in the public policy, how to provide security for the citizen participation in public policy decision-making, create a harmonious and orderly political atmosphere and the system to build a harmonious society. In this context, it is of great significance to do the research both in theory and in reality. And separately from the domestic and foreign two aspects of the research status quo. In the process of writing, the paper uses the literature research method, the empirical research method to follow the "put forward the problem- Analysis of the problem- solving the problem", the logic of thinking, the innovation of the combination of case analysis of public policy formulation of the citizens to participate in this topic.The first part is outlining related basic theories, including core definition of‘public policy’and‘citizen participation’, and analyzing the theoretical basis for citizen participation in public policy making, namely people’s sovereignty theory, democratic theory, good governance theory, new public service theory, which provide theoretical support for the following research on citizen participation in public policy making.The second part analyzes the current situation of citizen participation in public policy formulation, pointing out the achievements and problems, and analyzing causes of problems. Through empirical study, the current institutional system of citizen participation in public policy making has been initially established. The level of awareness about citizen participation in public policy development is rising, and the way of participation has become various. With the development of society, practice undertaken by citizen participation is deepening in public policy making. However due to various impact, citizens cannot participate in policy development at a high degree, which is lack of initiative, arbitrariness. There exist some problems in the process like no clear information communication, lack of institutional and organizational security relying and reasons for these problems are multifaceted. The first is constraints of social productivity and technological development, as a result, the overall level of China’s economy is not high, which causes different degrees of participation in different sectors and regions and low citizen overall quality. The second is the influence of traditional political culture that severely restricts the participation of citizens in the dominant position and weakens the awareness of the rights of citizens. The third is insufficient system supply of citizen participation, lack of institutional arrangements for citizen participation, thus limiting the improvement of the level of citizen participation. The last is the incompletion of civil society, the current civil society organizations’ capability is generally not strong, and lack of autonomy, which cannot be an effective organization.The third part is the countermeasure. Targeted improvement measures are proposed in terms of the issues and their causes for and citizen participation in public policy making, pointing out the need to improve citizen participation in public policy development. The first is to develop the productivity vigorously in order to improve citizen’s quality, which needs to develop the market economy positively, strengthen cultural education and pay close attention to rural farmers. The second is to create a participative culture atmosphere that requires changing the government’s concept of governance and intensifying citizen’s sense of participation. The third is to establish and complete the system of citizen participation, the solutions are proposed in five aspects, broadening the citizen participation in administrative information disclosure mechanism, establishing the government response mechanism, perfecting social masses mechanism, strengthening supervision mechanism, and improving the legal protection system. The last is to develop forms of citizen participation actively.