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Study On The Loss And Reconstruction Of Rural Elite Based On The Modernization Of National Governance

Posted on:2016-04-14Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:W WangFull Text:PDF
GTID:2296330482967145Subject:Administrative Management
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With the accelerating and deepening of China’s urbanization, the vast countryside is facing an unfavorable situation where lots of high-quality resources quickly agglomerate to urban since the conduction of reform and opening up. In particular, the rural elites loss is hidden behind the tide of migrant workers. Because of the "hollowing out" of personnel, rural area is sliding into the dangerous situationof lacking people, money and developmentpotential, and the rural construction and development are facing severe challenges.The Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has proposed the goal of modernization inState governance system and governance capability. Since rural governance is an important integral part of national governance, and the stability, existence and development of the country are inseparable from the orderly governance of countryside, we must improve the level of rural governance to achieve these objectives. In view of this, both the academic and the local governments should pay attention to the loss of rural elites, and ponder the question of restoration.The outflow of rural elites is not only a simple reflection of free movement of labor which should be controlled by market regulation, but also a true depictof rural area’s difficultiesof keeping talents. Indeed, this isthe results of comprehensive effectsof a series of system failure in countryside established by state, and other non-institutional factors. Withregard to institutional factors, firstly, the distribution structure of talents is not reasonable, and talents flow to the city in the form of one-way direction; Secondly, urban and rural binary system makes the cityenjoy larger advantages compared with the urban in infrastructure, public services, cultural life, education resources and so on, allowing that cityiseasier to attract talents; Thirdly, ratio of resources between the urban and the rural is not balanced, and making money effect is not strong in the country. In terms of non-institutional factors, on the one hand, the rural area is now mainly guided affected by economic benefits, and farmer psychological inferiority is common; On the other hand, urban modern civilization exerts impacts on rural moral, as the weakening of village culture cohesion.When reviewing China’s rural history, it’s easy to notice that the value of rural elites widely and profoundly affects the course of history. As the rural governance is the most essential aspect of state governance, we must make full use of rural elites to improve the level of rural governance, and then achieve the goal of state governance modernization, because rural elites could not only further develop national institution effect, but also optimize social environment for system implementation. The historical mission of rural elites is by no means over in the process of the modernization of national governance. This study presents five approaches for reconstruction of rural elites.Firstly, adjust the national system. In order to guarantee necessary production and living resources for better returning of these elites,we should on the one hand speed up coordination of urban and rural household registration system, and on the other hand, we should clearly define property ownership.Secondly,improve talent policy. Thereason that rural area can’t keep talents is that the rural infrastructures and public services are not well developed while the rural elite and the majority of migrant workers expect high quality of life. And the deeper reason islack of jobs in rural areas, and the income is not satisfactory. In order to achieve the purpose of attracting the outflow of the elite, we should further narrow the gap between urban and rural life quality, and vigorously develop the county economy.Thirdly,improve rural life quality. Higheducated people do not want to return rural areasfor opportunities. This is because of that on the one hand the future career development space and direction are not clear, and on the other hand the pay and treatment for grass-roots work is imbalanced. Facing such cases, we should improve talent policy and give clear expectations, higherwages to attract higheducated people to return home and get employed.Fourthly, it may be feasible to explore new "squire" through the power of knowledge. On the one hand, the rural elites can properly absorb part of the township civil servants, shaping the role of new period of "gentry". On the other hand, by rehiring retired celebrities coming out from the countryside to join the construction of rural, it help enrich the role and function of rural elite.Fifthly, strengthen rural identity.In the first place, strengthen the sense of procedures and rules, and popular the concept of equity and justice; then, uphold the core values, and reshape rural outlook on righteousness and benefit; finally, improve the depressed landscape in the village, and create better living environment to win the return intention.
Keywords/Search Tags:themodernization of national governance, rural elite, loss, reconstruction
PDF Full Text Request
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