The Study On Psychological Status Of The Rural Left-behind Elderly In Shaanxi Province

As the process of urbanization and industrialization accelerates, in order to obtain a better economic income, a large number of rural young and middle-aged surplus labors rush to the city for job. However, due to various subjective and objective factors(such as cultural differences and economic pressures, etc.), they have to make their elderly parents stay at home, so that there is a group of the rural left-behind elderly. Because the body function weakens and social security is imperfect, the rural left-behind elderly are facing great difficulties in life(such as lack of economic support, lack of living care and lack of emotional comfort, etc). In recent years, with the accelerated development of the rural youth population movement, the rural left-behind elderly are increasing becoming a huge social disadvantaged groups,and a hot topic society concerns and scholars study.The existing research on the rural left-behind elderly focus on the material and spiritual conditions, ignoring the psychological conditions. Being different with the existing research, this study, based on the perspective of psychological health, is an empirical study on the psychological status of the rural left-behind elderly of Shaanxi Province. In this study, the author takes the theories of social fairness and justice, social support, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, and the ultimate concern of Marx’s, as the theoretical bases; uses the methods of literature analysis, questionnaire survey and interview; deals with the investigation data with the SPSS13.0 statistical software offers basic data information for the study. Through the comparative analysis of psychological status, it is obvious that the old’ sense of loneliness, sense of loss, anxiety, psychological stress, emotional comfort, life satisfaction and subjective well-being all have differences in ways of region, gender, age, marital status, health status, number of children and theway of living. With the correlation analysis and the regression analysis of psychological status and influencing factors, it is found that psychological status of the old is caused by different factors, including population migration, social interaction, material living standards, family emotional support, health status, marital status, cultural level and life attitude. Therefore, improving the psychological state needs government, society, family and the old work together. The paper aims at improving the quality of life of the elderly in rural areas, and promoting social harmony and stable development.