A Study On The Impact Of Economic Transformation On The Graduate Employment And The Government Countermeasures

The problem of graduate employment has been a prominent issue in China in recent years. Therefore, doing a good job on the graduate employment is related to China’s economic development, people’s livelihood and social stability. The work of graduate employment has always been attached great importance by the Communist Party of China (CPC thereafter) and the Chinese government. The report of18th National Congress of CPC pointed out clearly:"Employment strategies and more active employment policies should be carried out...we must do a good job on the youth employment especially the graduate employment." The general office of the State Council promulgated Notice on doing a good job on the employment of national ordinary higher school graduates in May this year, which requires to take effective measures to further improve the employment of college graduates. The problem of graduate employment has already been promoted to a national strategy level, so its importance is self-evident.However, since our country is at the deepening and critical stage of economic transformation, it has brought significant impact on graduate employment. And challenges exceed opportunities at present. It is an indisputable fact that it is difficult for the graduates to get jobs. And this study analyzes the impact of economic transformation on the graduate employment from the perspective of the government and explores the countermeasures of the government combined with local conditions.First of all, on the basis of defining core concepts such as economic transformation, graduate employment and graduate unemployment, this paper adopts literature research method, theoretical analysis, comparative study, quantitative research and qualitative research, and analyzes the impact of economic transformation on the graduate employment. The study points out that the economic transformation mainly affect graduate employment in three ways——the economic system transformation, economic structure transformation and economic growth mode transformation. Specifically, economic system transformation brings the right of two-way selection to graduates and employers. Economic structure transformation makes more than half of graduates work in the non-public enterprises or in the tertiary industry, while the number of graduates work in the primary industry has significantly decreased. The economic growth mode transformation brings a phenomenon of "growth of unemployment" among the graduates.This paper takes Tangshan City as an example, mainly summaries the current situation of economic transformation in Tangshan from the aspects of economic structure transformation and economic growth mode transformation, analyzes the current situation of graduate employment in Tangshan, and makes a comparison with the current situation of graduate employment in China. It is concluded that there are five problems of graduate employment in Tangshan, including total employment pressure, employment structural contradiction, uneven regional employment distribution, large gap among different academic degree levels of graduates, and the sexual discrimination. The paper analyzes the subjective and objective reasons of the graduates’ tough employment in Tangshan from the perspectives of government, universities, society and graduates themselves.Finally, this paper puts forward five suggestions to promote the development of graduate employment in Tangshan City. First, we should accelerate the transformation and upgrading of economic structure, mainly including accelerating industrial structure transformation and orchestrating regional economic development. Second, macroeconomic regulation and control should be carried on by taking necessary government intervention, such as guiding graduate employment through building and perfecting employment policies, and interfering in universities with some necessary administrative measures. Third, it is important to give full play to the leading role of the government, to establish and improve graduate employment service system, and to prompt the integration of government, universities, market and society. Fourth, the government should encourage graduates to start their own businesses positively and strengthen the degree of funding efforts. Fifth, it is essential to further improve the social security system of graduates by improving the graduate unemployment registration system and relief system.