Study On The History Education Of Shaanxi-gansu-ningxia Border Region During The Anti-Japan War

With the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the Nanjing national government and the communistparty of China realized the second cooperation, in adherence to the "outside cooperation policy ". The baseof the Chinese Communist Party had a relatively stable development, and the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxiaborder region became a center base for Anti-Japanese war. During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, theShaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border Region which had preliminary developed, under the direct leadership of theCPC Central Committee the education of revolutionary base was becoming mature in the later of theAgrarian Revolutionary War. Despite various tough conditions at that time, the central committee of thecommunist party of China was still trying to unite with all forces to the whole nation for Anti-Japanese war,and to develop national defense education and civic education. History education at that time regarded as"the spirit of the Chinese nation defense"①, also obtained the corresponding development.When Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region had been established, the CPC Central Committeeput forward an education policy accordingly, namely "to change the old system and the old course ofeducation, to implement a new system and new courses making the “Anti-Japanese national salvation"②asthe goal. From1937to1938, history education as an important part of defense education was beingestablished with insufficient development; from1938to1942, with the stable development of education onhistory, there established a new education mode of “focuse on the education among cadres, and spreadcommon education on history”. From1942to the end of the war, with the strengthen of ideologicaleducation as well as the improvement of school buildings, history education begen to develep relativelyformal and stable, which laid the foundation for the formalization of history education.During the Anti-Japanese War, as the concept of education, the history education ofShaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region made Marxism as the guiding ideology, and stressed that the massesof the people create history, and the ideological and historical education of Mao Zedong and other leadersalso had a considerable impact; in terms of educational content presentation, on the one hand, itpopularized civilian education in the basic knowledge of history, for example, by teaching Thousand Character Classic, and on the other hand, it emphasized modern history and the promotion of farmers andfarmers’ war to history, and emphasized the experiences against foreign aggression in history, forfacilitating national defense education; in terms of the education level, there are higher education, primaryeducation and national education; as for the arrangement of courses, along with the rise of grades, theteaching time of history is different.The history education of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region had two features. First, it isobviously political under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, and it could be reflected on theeducation of China modern history and world history; secondly, class size, curriculum arrangement andschool faculty of history education rationalized gradually. The experience of the history edcation inShaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region has manifested itself mainly in two aspects: on the one hand,education forms were of diversity; on the other hand, the deficiencies were remanding. This study inspiredus from two aspects for the futher reform of history education: first, history education need to be combinedwith reality; second, focuse need to be put on the cultivation of national spirit.