| BACKGROUND:During recent decades, lifestyle has become a focus that attracted increasing interests around the world. The World Health Organization pointed out that60percent of the quality of an individual’s health and life depends on his behavior and lifestyle. Graduate students can independently choose their own lifestyle, but due to a variety of factors, they are prone to develop unhealthy lifestyle. Specific influence factors is the premise of graduate students to develop a healthy life style, but studies on this have not been reported in China. Structural equation modeling, combining factor analysis and path analysis, is a new statistical methods, and has applied in the areas of mental, behavioral, epidemiological and other researches. It is not only able to measure the reliability and validity of the scale, but also to find influencing factors and have exceptional advantages of exploring the relationships between influencing factors. To clarify the influencing factors of graduate students’healthy lifestyle, this study apply healthy lifestyle questionnaire for college students to survey healthy lifestyle of graduates, and use structural equation modeling to explore the influencing factors of graduate students’ healthy lifestyle.PURPOSE:To learn the current situation of the graduate students’ healthy lifestyles, and using structural equation modeling methods to analysis the applicability of the healthy lifestyle questionnaire for college students, and explore the relevant influencing factors and their relationships, so as to provide the basis for developing scientific measures of graduate health education and health promotion.METHODS:With the two-stage stratified cluster sampling method,2400graduate students were selected and investigated from six universities in eastern coastal areas, five universities in inland areas of Central, five universities in Western outlying areas. Questionnaire included:1. The basic questionnaire:including Demographic characteristics, psychological and cognitive factors and family situation.2. College students’Healthy Lifestyle Assessment Scale revised version:including eight dimensions of exercise behavior, nutrition behavior, law of life behavior, health risk behavior, health responsibility behavior, interpersonal support behavior, stress management behavior and life appreciation behavior, a total of33entries.3. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Scale (WHOQOL-BREF):including four areas of physical, psychological, social relations, environment, a total of26entries. Eventually, a total of2176questionnaires were returned, the recovery rate is90.67%, which2081valid questionnaires, the effective rate is95.73%.The database was established by Epidata3.02, after the double entry checking error, descriptive statistical analysis was made by SPSS20.0, and analysis of influencing factors, scale’s reliability and validity testing were made with structural equation modeling by AMOS20.0.RESULTS:1. Appraisal Of the Healthy Lifestyle Assessment Scale(1) Reliability test.It is reflected by the entry load and reliability coefficients, combinations reliability of dimensions, Entry load is from0.40to0.83(but the load of entry fourteen is0.24); reliability coefficient is from0.16to0.69(but the reliability coefficient of entry fourteen is0.06); the combination reliability of eight dimensions is from0.61to0.85.(2) Validity test.The average variance extracted (AVE) is used to test convergent validity of each dimension. The AVE of each dimension is ranging from0.26to0.55, greater than0.20. Comparison with competing models is used to verify the discriminant validity of each dimension. The results of comparing competing model of each dimension are meet following judgment standard:effect model (free estimated between two factors) and completely related model(limit related coefficient between two factors for1)has significantly different, and compared to completely related model, χ2value of effect model is significantly smaller, while P value of nested model is reach0.05. Besides, World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF was selected as a criterion to appraise the validity of the healthy lifestyle assessment scale. It’s found that the correlation coefficients of them is0.652(P=0.000).2. Score of graduates’ healthy lifestyleThe standard total score of graduate students’healthy lifestyle is66.24. In every domain, the maximal one is health risk behavior, the next one is interpersonal supporting behavior. The rest goes in the order of significance:life appreciation behavior, health responsibility behavior, stress management behavior, nutrition behavior and law of life behavior, and the minimal one is exercise behavior. Their standardized score followed by84.38,69.88,69.50,67.75,66.45,66.23,65.83,38.83.3. The influencing factors of graduates’ healthy lifestyleDemographic characteristics, psychological and cognitive factors and family situation have an impact on healthy lifestyle of graduate students, the total standardized effects are0.214,0.399,-0.098, so demographic characteristics and psychological and cognitive factors are the main factors, self-rated health, frequent illness, gender, suffering from chronic disease, temperament, BMI value, mother’s education level, father’s education level and family seat before university significant impact on healthy lifestyle of graduate students, the standardized effect of the absolute value is from0.062to0.288; While the remaining factors are relatively small, the absolute value of the standardized effect is from0.001to0.050. On each dimension of graduates’ healthy lifestyle, demographic characteristics only affects graduate students’ healthy lifestyle of exercise behavior, nutrition behavior, health risk behavior, health responsibility behavior and interpersonal support behavior; Psychological and cognitive factors and family situation is having an impact on all the dimensions.Path demographic characteristics to psychological and cognitive factors, and family situation to demographic characteristics have been set up (P<0.05), this indicate that demographic characteristics demographic characteristics can affect psychological and cognitive factors, family situation can affect the demographic characteristics, their correlation coefficient are-0.104,-0.093.The different aspect of influencing factors exists correlation:gender and suffering from chronic illness, gender and family seat before university, gender and singleton, professional and family monthly income. The correlation coefficient of them is respectively0.092,-0.087,0.199,-0.084.The same aspect of influencing factors exists correlation:age and work experience, age and marital status, marital status and employment history, marital status and living arrangement, suffering from chronic diseases and frequent illness, the family seat of university and family’s monthly income, the family seat of university and singleton. The correlation coefficient of them is respectively0.269,-0.291,-0.304,0.217,0.216,-0.119,0.201. CONCLUSIONS:1. Revision healthy lifestyle assessment scale for college students has good reliability and validity, and can be applied to evaluate healthy lifestyles of graduate students.2. The graduate students healthy lifestyles is close to the middle level, and have a good health risk behavior, but they are less engaged in exercise behavior.3. Structural equation modeling can be thought as a means to test reliability and validity, and clear the influencing factors of health lifestyle and relationships between affecting factors.4. The factors including demographic, psychological and cognitive, family affect the graduate students’healthy lifestyle, and psychological and cognitive has the greatest influence. Interaction also exsits between the inluencing factors.5. Relevant departments should strive to create a good sports environment, carry out healthy lifestyle promotion, and implement differentiated intervention programme, so as to promote graduate students to develop healthy lifestyles. |
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