The Research On The Children’s Social Integration Of Urban Low-Income Families Under The Social Work Perspective

For a long time, the poverty has always been a central problem of the society that all over the world are suffering. With rapid urbanization of China, the gap between rich and poor in city is more and more prominent. The existence of the gap between rich and poor in the city inevitably lead to the emergence of low-income families in urban area. There is abundant of low-income families in urban areas,as a vulnerable group has been get the extensive concern of the government and the social from all walks of life.As a more special group of children from low income families in urban areas more need to get the attention of the whole society. In this way, these children in low-income families in urban areas is faced with a plenty of problems:family economic poverty, low of parents’ cultural level, malnutrition, less education chances and so on, which from some aspects will affect their physical and mental health, cognitive skills, ability to learn, and at the same time obstacle their healthy development.The situations that some children are in low-income families in urban areas have caught the extensive attention of the government and whole society. In order to solve these issues, the government is implementing some social reliefs to the poor families and introduces some social assistance and child welfare systems, such as:"The minors of the People’s Republic of China protects a law"; "The adoption law of the People’s Republic of China";"The system of living allowances for urban residents" and so on. People of different careers also give their hands to these children who are from low-income families in urban areas. However, the government and the society only give the material aid to these children. The material aid in some extent can solve the living of the children. But material aid alone cannot solve many potential problems, such as poor children’s relations with their peer groups, with their family, with their communities and so on. All of the above will directly affect children’s socialized process and social integration. Therefore, children’s social integration problems are worthy of sufficient attention.On the basis of the collecting materials in summer internship, the researcher try to help the children of low-income families in urban area to better achieve in social integration. This article is from the perspective of social work, based on the theory of ecosystem and increasing the power, trying to use professional social work method to help children’s social integration of low-income families in urban area. Helping them into peer groups, into the family, into the education and the community, comprehensively promoting children’s social integration of low-income families in urban areas,making their healthy growth, to better adapt to social life.This study will also give rise to the scholars, the school, the community and the society paying attention to this special group of children of low-income families in urban areas,to develop more and more social integration method,then to solve the problem of children’s social integration of low-income families in urban areas.Combing through the relevant research and the current domestic and international reference for the study of social inclusion, for example,the research of social integration theory,the research of social integration dimension,especially for social inclusion dimension of the division of this article as a reference value. The researcher related scholars divided into dimension of the social integration, the researcher try to blend in social integration is divided into four dimensions namely peer groups integration,family integration, education integration and community integration. The feasibility of this only as a try, it has yet to be tested. In the A community in Nanjing for fifteen low-income families to household surveys and face-to-face interviews. On the basis of the interview, the needs of the children’s social integration are analyzed.Respectively analyzing children’s demand from the peer groups integration, the family integration,the education integration and the community integration.On the basis of the assessment in the demand for children of low-income families in urban areas, from different angles to intervention on children’s social integration,for example,case work, group work and community work.In the view of interpersonal relation and role theory, the group work intervenes in children’s peer groups integration, it’s mainly carried out five times group activities,including group early stage, adaptation, intimacy, integration and the end of the period,its aim is to improve children’s interpersonal skills; The researcher select a typical case,through five times meeting in client’s family,from the perspective of the ability be competent and adaptation, case work intervenes in children’s family integration, to improve the relationship between the children and family members; In the view of mining and inspiring potential theory, adopting a series of activities involve children’s education integration, for example,schoolwork activities, extracurricular knowledge extension activities, interests and hobbies training activities,to improve children’s academic performance; From the perspective of status and habitat theory.community work intervenes in children’s community integration,for example, "community environmental small guards" activities,"community adventure" activities, "community neighborhood is a family" activities,to promote children into the community. And to evaluate the effect of the intervention, the intervention methods have achieved certain results.In this paper, according to the different dimensions and different intervention,for example,case work group work and community work, the integrated use of professional social work method has operability and feasibility, achieving good results.Children’s interpersonal skills improved.The relationship between the children and family members to improve. Children’s academic performance was improved.Children are better integrated into the community.But this article still exist deficiencies:Due to the lack of practical experience, the researchers appears unavoidably improper handling during group intervention; the case involving is lack of comprehensive,due to time constraints, the lack of talk to the director’s father, to a certain extent affecting the effect of the intervention; education integration is lack of continuity helping,involving in the education of children need to keep on for a long time to see the better effect.It’s also lack of a community to help,it need the help of the community play a corresponding function to better prove children into the community.