The Study Of The Teacher Exchange Policy Between Urban And Rural In The Stage Of Compulsory Education In T City In Shandong Province

After popularizing nine-year compulsory education, the balanced development of compulsory education is another important measure of basic education field. The rural compulsory education is important field of the balanced development of compulsory education at this stage in our country, and primary and secondary school teachers in rural is the key factor of the development of rural education. To ease unbalancing situation of teachers’resources between urban and rural, the central government has taken many measures, the teacher exchange has become an important measure of solving balanced development of compulsory education.T city in Shandong implements the teacher exchange policy between urban and rural so early that they have made some achievements. The facts prove that the policy is beneficial to both the county and people. But after investigating the policy on the spot and by deep interview, we found some defects of the policy, too. Such as incomprehensive of the goal of policy, which made the goal can’t achieve completely; insufficient of democratization while drafting the policy; the content of policy can’t reflect stakeholder’s desire; the implement of policy departed the way as it planned before, and the results were far away from the goal; the assessment of policy became formalistic; the improvement of policy can hardly get essential issues; the public supervision is insufficient, and the effects of policy were evaluated by government only; the guarantee policies were non-attendance, which made the effects of policy gave a big discount.Everything happens for a reason. If we don’t find a reason, we can’t solve a problem. After a deep research, the author found several reasons caused these defects, and main reason includes two aspects. The first reason is conception, and the second is mechanism. The conception reason represents as the dominant of rational instrument in drafting and implementing of policy, but they ignored the rational value; the made of policy oriented to thing not to people. While drafting the policy, they follow the fashion of politics, follow leaders not common people, ignore the public opinion, and lack of systematic thought. They can’t integrate and balance the interests of all parties from the point of integral politics. The mechanism reason represents as two parts. One part is that the interior function of existing mechanism was imperfect, so it influences the effective of system. The other part is the absence of mechanism, so it can’t make a good function in the right place.According to analyzing the problems and causes of the teacher exchange policy between urban and rural in T city, the author put forward three aspects of measures by using systemic thinking. The first one is updating conception. Conception dominates action. Only a correct conception will probably lead to correct action. Concretely speaking, we should make the value orientation of the teacher exchange policy clear, set up consciousness of the public participation, guide education reform by using systemic thinking. The second one is improving mechanism. The mechanism plays a fundamental and critical role in any system. The way of improving mechanism including regulating performing program of the teacher exchange policy, improving evaluation function of the teacher exchange policy, opening system of the public supervision, improving guarantee policies of the teacher exchange policy. The third one is integrating resources, improving the reform of relative measures of the teacher exchange policy. The research points out clearly that the teacher exchange policy between urban and rural is benefit to solve the unbalanced development of education between urban and rural, so we should carry on sticking to and improving this policy. But this policy can’t fundamentally solve the problem of shortage and poor quality of teacher in rural areas. The fundamental way is raising wages of rural teachers; strengthening the training of rural teachers, improving the quality of rural teachers; improving system of teachers’ recruitment, increasing the quantities of rural teachers.