Research On The Problem Of Compulsory Education For Children Of Migrant Workers

With the development of economy and the rapid process of urbanization, moreand more peasants choose to work and live in the city far away from hometown, theyform a special group in the period of economic transition in China--migrant workers.Since1990s, the number of China’s migrant workers continues to increase, and itsstructure is also undergoing changes, more and more migrant workers change fromthe "single migration" to family migration, that brings more and more childrenmoving to the city with their parents.The number of migrant families is so large, it can bring the inflow-destinationhuge economic benefit, but at the same time it can also cause a series of problemssuch as migrant population resettlement, welfare, contradiction between localpopulation and migrant and so on, especially the compulsory education of migrantchildren is an important issue related to China’s future development and theconstruction of the human resource. To solve this problem, the government hasintroduced many policies to guarantee the migrant children to receive the samecompulsory education as urban children. Because of the limited education resources,the weakness of policy implementation, local protectionism, migrant children has justrealized getting in school, but the quality and effect of compulsory education theyreceive has a big gap comparing to urban children.The first part of this article gives the related concept and the theoretical basis toresearch compulsory education of migrant children, expounds the necessity andurgency of migrant children receiving equal compulsory education from the followingaspects: education equity theory, public goods theory, human capital theory.The second part of this article describes the current situation of compulsoryeducation of migrant children, including the evolution of policy and the success.The third part of this article gives several common problems of compulsoryeducation of migrant children according to the existing situation. The main problemsare:1.the high entry barriers,2.the poor quality of compulsory education theyreceived,3. the poor performance in school. Then we analyzed the reasons, thereasons are in many aspects, government, school, teachers, parents all have their ownproblems, they cause migrant children having no chance to receive fair and equaleducation on real significance. The fourth part of this article takes the primary schools in Taonan city forexample, through contacting the person in charge of the bureau of education andprimary schools, issuing survey to primary school teachers and students, randomlyinterviewing teachers, students, migrant parents, etc, we deeply understood theeducation of migrant children in primary school stage of Taonan city, the maininvestigation content includes: admission conditions, school education, familyeducation and so on.The fifth part of this article gives solutions and measures according to theanalysis of the reasons, hoping to put forward some operable and practical advice.