The Study On Employment Problems Of Rural College Students Under The Perspective Of Social Mobility Theory

Under the influence of China’s urban-rural dual structure, rural household registration students face more difficulties in the process of employment compared with urban household registration college students, which restricts the peasantry flow upward, which in turn exacerbate our differences in social class status. Therefore, it’s significant and urgent to safeguard the fairness of the employment of rural university students and narrow the gap of urban-rural students in employment opportunities, course and outcomes.According to the questionnaire data, the employment rate, wage levels, type of occupation and type of work unit are compared between rural college graduates and urban college graduates. The study finds that rural household registration students have smaller employment probability, lower starting salary level and worse occupation and work unit. From the perspective of social mobility theory, this paper explores rural household registration students’employment results and analyzes the causes of the employment problems with the key point of institutional factors and non-institutional factors affecting social mobility.Study found that whether employment outcomes and employment quality, employment of rural household registration students are overall subject to the dual household registration system and the derived household discrimination from the job market. The institutional barriers left by plan economy era such as the household registration system, employment system, personnel system, social security system still impede their upward mobility to higher social status. In respect of non-institutional factors, by theoretical analysis and empirical analysis, rural household registration students’low employment rate is the result of poor social capital quality and weak domestic economic capital; low starting salary level is mainly due to institutional reasons instead of non-institutional factors directly; the main reason for the low level of employment units is the parents’occupation does not have advantages and social relations’ help on employment is not enough.The way to solve the employment problem of the rural household registration students, achieve rural household registration students’upward social mobility is reforming the household registration system, eliminating discrimination in the household registration, bringing about the rational flow of labor; establishing a rational, scientific organizations and personnel system, weakening the "human relations" unreasonable interference on employment; for rural household registration students maintaining human capital advantage, while actively building their own social capital. From the rural college students’ social flow status, it’s clear to see that higher education as the substantial function of social mobility has declined significantly, higher education is a necessary condition but not sufficient condition for students to achieve social mobility. The social choice function of higher education is showing a clear trend of reproduction status, rural students often in a disadvantageous position in the process of social mobility, and thus further contributed to the marginalization of vulnerable social groups.