Study On The Theory Of R.K. Robert King Merton’s Scientific Award Specification

Robert Merton, the father of science and sociology, has devoted his life to the research on the field of science and sociology. It created a certain academic influence on the scientific sociology theory. It involves many fields such as scientific organization, science and social policy. This thesis is mainly based on the theory of the later period of Merton’s scientific sociology, which mainly includes the scientific criterion, the scientific discovery priority, the scientific hierarchical system and the scientific reward criterion.This thesis focuses on the core theory of Merton’s Sociology of science. It has been analyzed and sorted out, and the research has been carried out. The research on the whole idea of the whole idea is not. Most scholars choose a single point of view, which is a single point of view. It has little research on the theory of scientific reward.This thesis consists of six chapters, including introduction, text and conclusion, and there are four chapters in this thesis.The first chapter summarizes the concept of Merton’s scientific reward criterion is how to put forward, respectively, from the scientific and normative four aspects and scientific motivation mechanism to encourage scientists to create two aspects, the essence of the scientific award is clear Merton’s scientific community for the priority of scientific research and fair evaluation of the recognition, sorting out the scientific award of Merton said several incentives.In the second chapter, there are three effects of Merton’s scientific award, which are "forty-first seats", "ratchet effect", "Matthew effect", and analyze the contents of the three effects, the causes and effects of the development of science.The third chapter from the literature research, first of all, the scientific research on three aspects of the individual, the scientific community, the scientific development. The three points of the theory of Merton "s scientific awards are:Merton" s too idealistic, the objective of the scientific reward is to pursue the cognitive function and the product of the times.The fourth chapter discusses the practical significance of Merton’s theory of scientific incentive, that is, the scientific and technological policy of our country, the establishment and reward mechanism of scientific awards, the scientific community of the award and the award of honor.