Analysis Of Pu’an County Rural Settlement Based On Geological Background

As a place for human habitation,settlement combined with all elements of life.It has a decisive influence on social development.Restricted by regional geographical environment,economical level,social culture,historical development,and many other conditions,settlements usually show different spatial distribution patterns.The natural envir-onment is the direcet factor that affects the spatial layout of the se-ttlement,and is also the material component of the settlement space.Guizhou is one of the typical Karst landform development zones.The natural characteristics of the mountainous area in Karst region determine the ecological environment of the region and the limited surrounding environment capacity. Through the research and analysis of the characteristics of the spatial distribution of settlements, reveal the regional differences and influencing factors, and provide the basis for the new rural construction in Karst, the layout of the village, the village construction planning and so on.The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Through the formation of statistical tables can seen, The formation distribution of the Jialing River group is the most widespread in the study area. And the number of residents is highest. Followed by the flying fairy off group, But the quantity of the settlement is very small and the distribution is scattered. The Longtan Formation, Changxin group of relatively large area. The number of resident points is the second largest in the Jialing River group. The Guanling formation distribution area below the Longtan, Changxin group, the number is higher than that of other strata, distribution of third large settlement area. Other stratigraphic distribution is smaller, and the number of settlements is reduced.(2) Using the landscape pattern analysis software, through the density characteristic, the area characteristic, the shape characteristic three aspects to reflect the settlement distribution characteristic of the study area. From the point of view of feature density, Jialingjiang formation of the largest area, patch density highest Feixianguan formation area after the Jialing River group, but the density is lower than that of Longtan, Changxing group and layer, Guanling group. Xuanwei group Wangjiazai formation area is lower, but the patch density is relatively high. The correlation between the patch density of the other strata and the strata area is not obvious, but it has a positive correlation. Patch size characteristics, Jialingjiang formation settlement reached maximum, followed by the Guanling group. The Feixianguan Formation of large-scale settlements are rare. The Longtan, Changxin group accounted for a higher proportion of landscape patch area. Plaque morphology, Jialingjiang formation of irregular shape, strong heterogeneity, various forms of coexistence. The Longtan, Changxin group Guanling group, because of its high density, the settlement area accounted for a larger proportion of the landscape area, so the shape is irregular in shape. The Feixianguan formation is lower than group. Hua Gong settlement distribution most broken, scattered. Two areas north and south of the formation of poly drop fragmentation showed a significant difference. At the same time. Different lithology and its combination also has certain control effect on the landform pattern, and thus indirectly affect the rural settlement residential distribution scale and types.(3) In structural geology, study area to the south is mainly affected by radiation distribution of Turbo like convolute structure with control, north is mainly affected by the southward before arc tectonic belt and nearly north-south spine of Pu mountain shape structural control, under the direct impact and role of landform and hydrological conditions, directly controls the distribution of settlements, size and morphology.