Land Consolidation And Improving Farmland Quality Grade In Northeastern China

With superior natural conditions, the three northeastern provinces, which inherit a great amount of best cultivated land of China, provide the majority of commodity grain for Chinese. To ensure the food security of China, the project on improving farmland grading and land consolidation of northeastern region will be crucial.The land consolidation in large area of northeastern region can be traced back to1900, however, the built of the State-run Friendship Farm with the Soviet Union assistance marked the first time China put the land consolidation and reclamation in practice on advanced science theory. By analyzing this course of history, it can be divided into5periods:the land stationing and reclamation in the period of Qing and the Republic of China; the land reclamation by Japanese immigration development group in Manchukuoperiod; the construction of mechanized farm in the early days of new China; the rapid development after the issue of land management law; the integrated development of urban and rural areas in modern times. Land consolidation, whose targets has been transferred from single agricultural land to the integration of farm land and rural residence land, is becoming the most important method of ensuring land ecological and food security, and the platform promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas.On the results of farmland grading of three northeastern provinces, this thesis analyzes the main limiting factors of cultivated land production capacity, such as the serious soil degradation, the poor water conservancy facilities and the lack of intensive large-scale land using. Furthermore, it measure and calculates the data from the second index area of northeastern region to achieve the light and temperature potential productivity, the theoretical and actual capacity which are the basis of studying the spatial variation of the intensity and potential of cultivated land using in northeastern region.Through analyzing the potential index of natural grade remarking elements from the Nongan County of Jilin province, this thesis builds a potential land natural quality index model to define the key area of land consolidation in county. To improve the land natural grade, five kinds of engineering technology has been proposed in this article, such as black soil surface protecting, rice seeding, soil structure and barrier layers reforming, soil salinization controlling and black soil conservation by increasing organic content. At last, some constructive suggestions has been made to land consolidation in northeastern area.