Wheat Wheat Production Efficiency In China, Based On The Three Stage DEA Model For Empirical Analysis

Wheat is theworldwide important grain crops, which is a stap le food for nearly 50% of the world’s population. In our country, In our country, the wheat is the second largest food crops whose planting scale second only to rice. At present our country is the largest producer of wheat and the total output of the highest in the world. Wheat planting scale accounts for about 25% of the arable land per year on average. Wheat production accounted for about 22% of the country’s grain output. In addition, C hina is also the largest consumer of wheat in the world and wheat is a staple crop of about half of the population in our country about half of the population in our country in wheat is the staple food in C hina, the annual consumption of about 120 million tons, which has an extremely importance in the grain composition of C hina. However, Long-term since, our country mainly depend on enlarging the scale of planting of wheat production to improve production, but now, all areas in our country has entered a "new normal" stage of development. Under such a big trend, we need to ad just its strategy for the wheat as soon as possible. Improving the production efficiency to win the reform bonus, and improve the level of farmers’ income at the same time, so that it can play a better role in maintenance of our country’s food security strategy.Wheat planting industry in our country is faced with the new normal developments such like the "two plate extrusion", "double light lim it line" and so on. All kinds of costs soaring in farm prices. Some agricultural prices are higher than dutiable price C.I.F. abroad. The cheaper foreign agricultural products enter into our markets. The price inversion phenomenon seriously affect the work enthusiasm of farmers, hinder ing the agricultural. The price and policy lim it the development of the agricultural production in China. Since joining the WTO, our country must abide by the rules set by WTO. The "yellow box" policy for our country’s yellow light lights up a food subsidies policy, food subsidies have no space;the agricultural resources and the condition of the serious environmental pollut ion greatly restrict the the agricultural development of our country. This means the wheat growth no longer relying on the increase of the resources. In this case, the study of China’s grain production is very important, especially the wheat production efficiency.In the era of advocating the "national innovat ion", we need to promote the progress of wheat production technology, at the same time we also need to take the initiat ive to pursue a higher technical efficiency on the other hand, so that we can get a maximum wheat production.Three stages of non-parametric DEA model is applied in this article, with 15 major wheat producing areas in China from 2009 to 2014 as the research object of wheat production。In the first phase with BCC-traditional DEA model obtained the wheat production technical efficiency and input redundancy value, on the basis of introducing the environment variables in the second stage, with the regression analysis was conducted for the SFA model, to adjust the init ial input values, the third stage with the adjusted input value instead of init ial investment, again use BCC- DEA model for measuring efficiency. In this paper, based on the basis of three phase model at the same time, using DEA- Malmquist productivity index to the samples total factor productivity change and its influence factors analysis of the research. Total factor productivity can be decomposed into technical efficiency change and technical progress; Technical efficiency change and can be changed into scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency change. DEA and Malmquist index method from vertical to dynamic changes in the efficiency of the samples and the influencing factors, and the three stage DEA model with the static transverse efficiency point of view of comparative analysis of complement each other, more comprehensive study of China’s wheat production efficiency and its changes, and explore the influence on the efficiency and efficiency changes in different factors. Concluded that the main cause of China’s wheat production technical efficiency is low is that wheat production scale inefficiency, during the period of samples, most of China’s wheat planting scale has no control in the reasonable range of moderate scale; China’s wheat production efficiency also influenced by the external environment and luck, financial support and increase farmers’ income was beneficial to the improvement of the wheat production technical efficiency, urbanization, natural disaster is the wheat productio n efficiency play a negative role; Total factor productivity change during sample is mainly dr iven by technological progress, the pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency change is not obvious, for the effect of total factor productivity change is small. In wheat cultivation in the future need to pay more attention to improve the application ability of existing technology and resources, bureau of in-depth digging the potent ial of scale efficiency and technical efficiency, at the same time actively in the research of technology innovation, strengthening technological progress for the contribution of wheat productivity levels increase.