Land Cover Change And Benefit Evaluation Of New Town Development Zone

Has long been a land of human survival, basic production and living, for the transformation of human nature,for the land using patterns have never stopped, the impact on the one hand, the transformation of the natural landscape, on the other hand to the regional social,economic and ecological changes brought about. Therefore, the area of land use research not only has important ecological significance, but also on the development of the region has a role of guidance. China "Urban Planning Law" to define the new town development areas is "to transform or rebuild outside the city center- fringe areas, in order to achieve labor, living and conditions of service for the rest of the people, meet the objectives of social, political, economic and people’s living needs. This paper selects nine districts of the main city of Chongqing Beibei District, one of the study, Beibei District, from the commencement of new urban development outreach activities since, driven land covers and landscape pattern with substantial changes have taken place, the urbanization rate of speed, its political economic and ecological culture and so presents a new pattern of Beibei District land use covers change research, on the one hand help to provide guidance to other regions of the Metro Chongqing outreach activities, on the other hand for the next regional planning has reference effects. Land cover is a direct reflection of the natural basis of human activities, with significant spatial and temporal characteristics of land cover change is one of the natural and social environment changes the dominant factor,intuitively reflects human transformation of the Earth’s surface landscape processes, a combination of changes in different land uses and land covers will cause varying degrees of impact on the region’s ecology and economy, regional land use cover change research can objectively social, economic and ecological levels reflect regional.Landscape pattern is different gradation level or the same level horizontal landscape ecosystem sequentially turnover and a combination of spatial, intuitive show landscape ecosystem longitudinal and mosaic combination of a transverse law, regional landscape pattern is to reveal the regional land use or cover effective means of change and the ecological situation and spatial variability. Land cover and landscape pattern echoed each other, for the study of land use and its changes in the region, the two are inseparable. Regional land use / cover change in this area of social change, economic, ecological,environmental, etc. all have different degrees of effectiveness, therefore, the regional land use /cover change have an effect of the introduction of Land Use Efficiency Evaluation Evaluation were evaluated. For our new urban expansion continues to accelerate, increasing the level of urbanization, increases the amount of land in the new urban expansion process, land cover and landscape pattern change constantly adapt to the needs of society, while land use process issues are also increasingly prominent, the expansion of the Metro area land use / cover change andland use benefits simultaneous evaluation region can be more effective in solving the existing problems in the area of land.Moreover the evaluation of regional land cover and landscape pattern also helps to provide a scientific basis for regional support and intensive land use and ecological protection, combined with regional characteristics of land use efficiency is to achieve regional intensive land use and optimal allocation important way, showing close links between the two, the research results can support each other mutually.In view of this, for this particular area of town development areas, the comprehensive study of land cover change and landscape pattern, and at the same time benefit evaluation of land use within the segment from the social,economic and ecological aspects of development activities for the discovery Metro area the problems caused by land use and make reasonable suggestions for future land use planning area,research can expand to other regions of the Metro to expand development activities provide an effective reference.Sarge-scale expansion of Beibei District mainly focus on 2002 and later. It is later and faster than the other main city of Chongqing. Especially since 2008, the rate of expansion of the Metro basicly in the top three in Chongqing. It’s overall economic influence to Chongqing is increasing.In 2010, the establishment of China’s third sub-provincial "Two Rivers Area" covered the Beibei Cai area and water-soil-revitalizing area. The general secretary Xi Jinping’s first domestic study chose Chongqing in 2016. BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co. is one of the study object,which located in water-and-soil industrial Park in Two Rivers New Area. So it has great significance for the study of evaluation of land use / cover change and benefit of Beibei District.Three representive periods will be study in this paper, namely, initial period in 2001,evolution period in 2006, thriving period in 2011. In the research, the database of land use change of 2001,2006 and 2011 at Beibei District of Chongqing city is basic database, the chart of GIS land use status is the foundation drawing, the picture of remote-sensing image and topographic map is the assist graph for research. Using spatial analysis and modeling method with ARCGIS, FRAGSTATS, EXCEL and other software make an comprehensive analysis to Beibei District land cover change and landscape pattern evolution. Since Beibei District are initial state of expansion of the Metro bud activities within the 2001-2005 five-year, types of land conversion within this period is relatively simple, efficiency of land use changed smoothly.In order to analysis regional land use efficiency effectively, interception of representative six-years database from 2006 to 2011 of Beibei District in land use will be used to evaluate land use efficiency. Evaluate the development trend and the relative degree of ascension about land use efficiency in the time series caused by the drives of new town development land use/cover change comprehensively. And build coordination of regional land use efficiency model. Evaluate the level of coordination about all kinds of benefits in this period. Three types of land use area,four indicators of land cover change, six indicators of landscape pattern at Beibei District, in2001, 2006 and 2011 were calculated and analyzed, and build regional land use efficiencyevaluation index system. the study found: the type of land use were drastically changed at Beibei District, from 2001 to 2011. Agricultural land and construction land conversion significantly, the level of landscape fragmentation became deeper. Land use efficiency varied, the main changes are as follows:(1) we can get the conclusion from the score of land cover change: 10 years, Beibei District land cover types mainly first agricultural land as the leading type, followed by construction land,unused land to be turned into construction land;second arable land show the trend of first reducing and then increasing. Second other agricultural land continues to woodland and orchard transformed second mining settlements and transportation land is increasing, second other land base class was dropped.It shows: Beibei District, the level of urbanization continues to improve, faster urbanization, the Metro expansion project successfully, compared with the urban renewal area,Beibei District performs more obviously as Metro Development Zone in that before and after the transformation to a class with two type the number of sites under the category level to a substantial change does not appear; the development of the early emergence of farmland engage in the development of the phenomenon, under the control of national laws and regulations, the amount of arable land is restored, indicating Chongqing strict implementation of national measures for the protection of arable land.(2) obtained by analysis the Landscape Pattern Changes: In 10 years, the complexity of the plaque area gradually reduced, have a opposite result with no change area. Metro expand get a good effect to the land merger. The plaque trends shows that the area gradually expand outward.At the same time, landscape fragmentation fluctuated between 10-year, trend of ascending and then descending. In 2011, landscape heterogeneity became minimum, the coefficient of variation reduced. During this period, Beibei District get a reasonable planning. The largest landscape dominance is always agricultural land. Other land types show the trend of diversity. Landscape dominance of construction land gradually increase. Fractal dimension of various land-styles showed increasing trend. Indicating that, since implement activities of Metro expansion, natural landscape of Beibei District affected by human factors is increasing. the human interference to the ecosystem became intensified.(3) Evaluation obtained through Benefit of land-use: along with the advancement of urbanization,land use of Beibei District have a sustained development in the direction of social needs. But Beibei District’s economic levels lower than other major city, whose GDP mainly comes from first and second industries not slow development tertiary industry. Although construction land expand, investment in the industry is less. Beibei is a small country, whose population increasing,average population of land is big. New town ’ s development activities for the public infrastructure investment needs to improve.In 10 years, forest area of Beibei District is increasing and distribute equably and have a high degree of green area. So the area of eco-efficiency indicators were higher than the overall level of Chongqing. Overall, thecomprehensive benefits of Beibei District land use is consistent with the level of growth Beibei District Economic Development.since regional development activities at Metro of Beibei District begin, the types of land use changes greatly. The degree of complexity of patch and fragmentation fluctuate, the patch shape presents complex state. Regional land type is multi style development and effect of land use improve and land use rate is rising. The whole region has a ecological development trend.Assessmented by the regional land use change benefit, the changes of land-use style of the Beibei District makes the urbanization rate accelerate, get a higher level of urbanization. The diversity using structure of the land-use style tends to be reasonable. Resources are effective configuration. At the same time, The natural landscape has been affected by human more and more badly. The overall level of Beibei District land use benefits more.Overall, Beibei District for expanding metro area since, the types of land use changes greatly and fragmentation degree increased, the more a multi style development. Combined with the regional land use change benefit assessment, by changes in the type of the Beibei District urbanization rate accelerated, a higher level of urbanization, more types of diversity using the structure tends to be reasonable and effective configuration, increase the degree of landscape fragmentation also reflects the natural landscape has been affected by human being more and more.