Design Of Solar Automatic Tracking Control System

At present,people's demand for energy is increasing,so people pay more and more attention to energy security and energy consumption.In this context,the use of renewable energy sources has been widely concerned.Solar energy,as one of the non polluting renewable energy,is considered to be the most promising renewable energy form.The first solar energy crisis in 1970s,has aroused widespread concern in the world.In the past few decades,the development of solar energy was more rapid than the other renewable energy.And it is widely used in the field of solar power.Solar power can be realized by two kinds of ways,which are fixed angle device and tracking system.Some studies have shown that compared with fixed angle system,solar energy can be recycled about 20%to 50%by using of solar tracking system.It has been proved that the tracking system significantly improves the average annual energy yield.Owing to the constraints of modern technology,the highly cost of power generation,photovoltaic power efficiency is widely low,affecting the popularization of photovoltaic power technology seriously.And it is necessary to study on improving the efficiency of power generation to maximize the use of solar energy.In this paper,the design scheme of a kind of solar automatic tracking system was presented,and the photovoltaic panels' efficiency of fixed and automatic tracking were compared.In cloudy weather conditions,more than 90%of the solar radiation could be spread,and tracking the sun may be invalid.In order to improve the flexibility of the system and adapt to different weather conditions,this study used a hybrid tracking model.That was,using of photosensitive resistance tracking mode to follow the sun's movement in the day,and in cloudy and rainy weather is changed to solar tracking mode.In this paper,a kind of automatic tracking control system was designed,which took DSP as the control core of the automatic tracking system,and used the photosensitive resistance and the four quadrant sensor as the photoelectric sensor.The system adopted the deceleration stepping stepper,so that the equipment is always facing the sun and realized the tracking to the solar panel.Finally,taking into account the interference caused by strong wind weather,the tracking accuracy can be reduced.By using of wind sensors to adjust,the photovoltaic cell board can run steadily,and avoided the adverse effects of weather on the equipment effectively.In this paper,based on the overall system design,the hardware and software of the system were designed.The design of the hardware system,carried out on the DSP pin assignment,carried on the design analysis to the peripheral circuit,which was divided into multiple modules,selected of stepping motor and drive circuit were designed,chose the wind speed sensor and temperature sensor.In the design of the software system,the design of the main program and subprogram of the system was completed.Finally,through the comparative analysis power efficiency of fixed device and automatic tracking system in the experiment,the results shown that the latter's power efficiency was higher than the former about 36%.Thus the waste of available energy is avoided greatly.