Study On Three Kinds Of Main Pest Management Models Of Apple Orchard In Loess Plateau

The Loess Plateau is one of the largest apple producing areas in china.However,due to the pursuit of high yield orchard planting,high density,and long-term low level management mode,the apple orchard of Loess Plateau in recent years is facing serious production problems: excessive use of pesticides caused by rampant diseases and insect pests,and because the product quality decline caused by excessive use of pesticides,the low-end apple production of excess income decreases,resulting in the production of to reduce investment,to further improve the pest resurgence,forming a vicious spiral.The apple area of the Loess Plateau as the key to the apple industry as the research object,standing on the perspective of industrial development,applying the theory and method of agricultural standardization,in order to realize the green apple industry development as the goal,to three kinds of main pests on the Loess Plateau apple(Valsa Mali Miyabe et Yamada,Marssonina coronaria(Ell.et Davis)Davis,Tetranychus viennensis Zacher)green grade management mode.In order to break the vicious cycle of traditional pest management,fundamentally improve the quality of apple production process to lay the foundation.The field survey on Luochuan and Baishui,two representative county apple planting orchards,the present management of orchard pest and disease and pesticides,pesticide blindly rely on serious waste phenomenon is serious,the orchard planting too close,canopy,soil organic matter,serious shortage of excess fruit load and a series of status.Based on the study of the occurrence characteristics of three main diseases and insect pests and the basic requirements of green production,this paper puts forward the emphasis on balanced nutrition and quality improvement.By thinning,soil reconstruction,reasonable load,reasonable pruning,orchard grass,three kinds of pests regulation and control six measures as the core of the measure system,the measure system of standardization and modularization,clear function and interface of each module,and then integrated to produce key module of the system of three kinds of pest management production on the level of the.With the further implementation of the level of organization and implementation,operation and maintenance level of regulatory requirements and feedback mechanisms and the protection level of the whole standard specification and recorded a total of three levels,five control key point of combination,constitutes a system management mode of three kinds of main pests of green management.The paper also describes the future development of the management model,as well as the development of the main ideas and the material and cultural atmosphere.