| Because of the burdensome medical study task and the rigorous military training,medical students tend to bear more pressure than general university students.Besides,the process of adapting selves to the unfamiliar environment is another challenge to medical freshmen' mental health,and often inflicts emotional distress and maladaptive symptom.Being in stressful environments for long time without reasonable relief will surely damage to their mental health,even induce emotion disorders.Research have confirmed that the improvement of well-being can promote individuals' adaptability and resilience in stressful situation,increase experienced positive emotions,and prevent negative emotions down spiral into emotional distress such as depression and anxiety.Besides,according to the positive emotions' broaden and construction theory,positive emotions can broaden folks' instant thinking-action category,activate their behavior motivation,and construct personal sustainable physical,mental,intellectual and social resource.Reasonable coping styles and sustainable personal resource inturn promoting future positive emotions,and then facilitate the upward spiral of positive emotions.So far,it is unclear how the well-being of military freshmen is,how the correlation between well-being and mental health could be? Can educator improve students' mental health and the adaptability to lives in the military academy by the means of well-being promotional intervention? If the answer is affirmative,then what's the possible underlying mechanism by which the intervention working? Therefore,the current research based on medical freshmen,explore 1.the correlation between well-being and mental health,2.the beneficial effect of the well-being intervention in promoting medical freshmen' adaptability and improving mental health,3.the possible underlying mechanism by which the well-being intervention working.Methods: Study 1 adopted positive and negative affect schedule,satisfaction with life scale,Chinese version of Ryff's psychological well-being scale,state anxiety inventory and symptom checklist 90 on 565 medical freshmen to investigate the correlation between well-being and mental health.Study 2 recruited medical freshmen participated into the well-being intervention,tested the psychological well-being,adaptability,depression and anxiety before and after the training to certify the beneficial effect of the well-being intervention in promoting medical freshmen' adaptability and improving their mental health.Study 3 detected the long term effect of well-being intervention,and further investigated the mechanism by which the well-being intervention working.We speculated that the process of emotion regulation might be the possible mechanism,and based on previous research,the frontal alpha asymmetry could be the biomarker of the emotion regulation ability.Therefore,the current study recorded participants' frontal alpha power before and after the training in the intervention group,to calculated the change of frontal alpha asymmetry coefficient,and detected the mediating effect of frontal alpha asymmetry between the increase of well-being and the improvement of adaptability and depression.All the data were processed by the EXCEL 2010 and the SPSS 19.0,Pearson correlation analysis,independent-samples t test,pared-samples T test,repeated measures MANOVA,regression analysis were performed.EEG data were recorded through a 64-channel Nu Amp acquisition system(Neuroscan Inc.),and were analyzed by Matlab 2010.Results:1.The research findings showed that medical freshmen' psychological well-being and subjective well-being were significant negative correlated with negative emotions,depression,anxiety,and mental health.2.The repeated measures MANOVA for psychological well-being,subjective well-being,depression and anxiety revealed significant effects of time(pre-and post-intervention)× group(intervention group and control group),further simple effect analysis indicated significant group effect at posttest for adaptability,psychological well-being and depressive symptoms.Concretely,psychological well-being,adaptability in the control group show a downward trend in their two tests(psychological well-being: p =0.021,d = 0.54;adaptability: p = 0.311,d = 0.21).The intervention group,meanwhile,demonstrated an increasing trend after training(psychological well-being: p = 0.062,d =0.58;adaptability: p < 0.001,d =1.18).Besides,participants in the control group showed a significant discrepancy in their two tests on depression(p < 0.001,d =1.69),meanwhile,depression didn't change significantly in the intervention group after the 10-week training compared to baseline(p = 0.684,d =0.11).As for anxiety,the interactive effect between time and group,however,was not significant,however,all the students presented an upward trend in anxiety as time went on,and this tendency was more significant in the control group.3.An overall repeated measurement MANOVA for psychological well-being,subjective well-being,adaptability,depression,and anxiety scores(two groups × three time periods)revealed significant effects of time × group.Further simple effect analysis indicated significant training effect at 3 months after intervention for psychological well-being,subjective well-being and depressive symptoms,with significantly higher levels of psychological well-being,subjective well-being,and lower level of depression in intervention group than the placebo control group.Besides,significant training effect at post test and 3 months after intervention for adaptability and anxiety were observed:compared to the control group,participants in the intervention group demonstrated markedly higher level of adaptability and lower level of anxiety after the training,and this effect continued significant even at the 3-month follow-up test.4.The paired-samples T test of participants' frontal alpha EEG asymmetry(F8-F7?F6-F5?F4-F3?FC6-FC5?FC4-FC3)before and after the well-being intervention indicated that students in the training group showed increased frontal alpha EEG asymmetry at immediate posttest(P = 0.034?0.008?0.012?0.01?0.01),suggested that the well-being intervention successfully improved participants' ability of emotion regulation.And the model of emotion regulation ability as a mediator between the improvement of well-being and decreasing depression and anxiety fit the data,suggested that the promotion of individuals' ability of emotion regulation might be the possible underlying mechanism by which well-being intervention brought benefits.Based on all the results above,the current study has several conclusions as follows:1.Medical students' well-being was closely related to mental health,students with higher level of well-being demonstrated less symptoms of maladaptation.2.The well-being intervention could effectively improve the adaptability of medical freshmen to the new environment,relieve the depression and anxiety symptoms,and increase psychological well-being and subjective well-being.3.The improvement of individuals' ability of emotion regulation might be the possible underlying mechanism by which well-being intervention brought benefits. |
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