The Establishment Of “Leans To One Side” Foreign Policy In New China And The Research Of Its Influence

The “leans to one side” foreign policy has been implemented since the founding of new China.That is to make an alliance with the Soviet Union and join the socialist camp led by the Soviet Union.The implementation of this foreign policy is determined by a number of objective factors and subjective factors.In terms of objective factors,when the new China was established,two parties in the world were formed due to the outbreak of the Cold War and ideological causes.They are the “socialist camp” and “capitalist camp”,respectively.In consideration of ideology and national interests and other reasons,the Soviet Union actively promotes new China to implement the “leans to one side” foreign policy.On the contrary,the United States holds a hostile attitude towards new China because of the ideology and strategies for ruling the world.In terms of subjective factors,the Chinese Communist Party summarized the historical experiences of Chinese revolution and then concluded that China neither becomes one of the Western countries led by the United States,nor chooses the “third road” that deviates from the United States and the Soviet Union.Second,after the analysis of national interests,the new China concluded that it must implement the “leans to one side” foreign policy in order to achieve national security and restore national economy.Third,the two countries have the common Marxist ideology.These factors determine that new China would rather choose the “leans to one side” foreign policy led by the Soviet Union than join the capitalist camp.In short,this is a logical and rational choice for new China.The “leans to one side” foreign policy has undergone four stages: emergence,presentation,formulation and implementation.In this process,there are two important steps,i.e.Liu Shao qi and Mao Zedong's visits to the Soviet Union.The Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship,Alliance and Mutual Assistance was signed in February 1950,which symbolized the formal alliance between China and the Soviet Union and the complete formation and establishment of the “leans to one side” foreign policy.The implementation of this policy in new China has resisted and broken the isolation of the United States,improved its own national status in the world and also protected its national security,thus making itself stabilize in the dangerous international environment and promote the development of its own economy,politics,culture,science and technology.However,this policy to a certain extent results that new China has no autonomy to develop the internal and external policies and only can blindly follow the Soviet Union.Also,it has affected the new China's opening up policy.Since the late 1950 s,it has produced a lot of contradictions and conflicts between China and the Soviet Union in many ways.As a result of the great changes in the international environment at that time,China and the Soviet Union also produced great differences in ideology.Then,the ideological differences result in the differences in national interests.Finally,the Soviet Union implemented the policies to seriously damage China's national interests,which results that an ideological debate between China and the Soviet Union happened in the 1950 s and 1960 s.Also,China eventually launched a battle with Soviet Union because of the aggression policies against China.In addition,the personal characteristics of the leaders in the two countries have also had a certain impact on the rupture of Sino-Soviet relations.According to these comprehensive factors,the “leans to one side” foreign policy in new China hurriedly ended due to the interests differences between countries.And,we have learned a lot of experience and inspiration from the formation and termination of the “leans to one side” foreign policy in new China.First,the relationship between national interests and ideology should be correctly managed.Second,we should formulate the independent foreign policy and shouldn't blindly imitate any other countries.