The Research On Embodiment Of Geographical Thought And Geographical Methods In Geography Textbooks For Grade Seven

With the continuous deepening of the reform of Geography Curriculum, more and more attention has been paid to the core attainment of geography in the geography teaching. Although there are different views about the core attainment of geography, there is one point which is invariant. The point is that many elements of the core attainment of geography are closely related to the geographical thought and geographical methods. The "geography curriculum standard of compulsory education(2011)" has put forward the request to the geographical thought and geographical methods, therefore the trainng ofthe geographical thought and geographical methods is also the important content of the curriculum reform.So the geography textbooksof people’s education press for grade seven was selected as the main research object.By using the method of documental analysis, the contents of the geography thought and methods in the textbooks are sorted out, and at the same time, the related theories of mine are improved. The method of curriculum standard analysis was used to analyze the geographical thought and methods of the part that related to the seven grade in the “geography curriculum standard of compulsory education(2011)". By using the method of thematic analysis of the textbook, the geographical thought and methods of the "seven grade geography textbooks" were analyzed.The interview method was used to consult the school teachers for the types of geographical thought and methods, and to discuss with the students, the following conclusions were drawn.Firstly, geographical thought is the idea and rule that was contained in the geographical knowledge and that was based on the scientific understanding of the various geographical phenomena of the earth’s surface and its research methods. It is the basic idea to analyze, deal with and solve the geographical problems, it is a rational understanding of the geographical rules, and it is the world outlook and methodology of geography. Geography textbooks for seven grade reflect the geographical thought in 10 categories.They are regional thought, space concept, the thought of man land relationship, thought of causal relationship,the thought of geographic dynamic, the thought of entirety, the thought of life geography, the geographical dialecticalthought, global awareness, the view of the earth. The regional thoughts include the idea of division, the thought of regional orientation, the thought of regional characteristics, the thought of regional difference, the thought of regional connection and regional development. Space concept includes space position, spatial distribution, spatial difference, spatial relation, spatial movement, and spatial form and so on.The thought of man land relationship includes the influence of geographical environment on human, human’s influence on the environment, the view of disasters, the view of adaptation to local conditions the view of sustainable development that includes views on population, resources and environment. The thought of causal relationship includes one reason for one result, one reason for many results, many reasons for one result, many reason for many results. Most of forms of expression of the geographical thought are dominant, and the combination form of expression is varied. The regional thought, space concept, the thought of man land relationship, and the thought of causal relationship are the main geographical thought of geography textbooks in Grade Seven. The textbooks have fulfilled the requirements of the curriculum standard, so the geography thought embodied in the textbookS is more comprehensive.Secondly, geographical method is the way and the means to be followed and used in the course of geographical study and scientific research. The geography textbooks for Seven Grade reflect 17 kinds of Geographical methods. They are the methods of observation, measure and observationexperiment of geography, model, field survey, documental analysis, geography image, graphic, classification, comparison, synthesis and analysis, induction, deduction, description, discussion, hypothesis, geographic prediction. The method of geographical image includes the method of map, landscape picture, schematic diagram, satellite image, material object, drawing, and so on. The method of chart is divided into statistical diagram, logical block diagram and form. The method of comparison is divided into the analogy method, the comparison method of drawing support from others, the comparison of different time method, the horizontal comparison method, the central content comparison method, the comprehensive comparison method and so on.Most of forms of expression of the geographical method are dominant, and the combination form of expression is varied.Themethod of description, observation, geography image,comparison, induction, synthesis and analysis are the main geographical thought of geography textbooks in Grade Seven.Thirdly, there are some teaching suggestions: The teaching of geographical thought and methods should be taken seriously in the teaching idea. Don’t ignore the goals of geographical thought and methods in the design of teaching objectives. Analysis of textbooks should be carried out from the point of view of geographical thought and method. The connotation of geographical thought and method should be grasped in the teaching process to embody the essence of Geography Teaching. The evaluation of geographical thought and methods should be paid attention to in the teaching evaluation.